{"id":2772,"date":"2017-03-11T01:32:32","date_gmt":"2017-03-10T22:32:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.celikavukatlik.com.tr\/?p=2772"},"modified":"2017-03-11T01:32:32","modified_gmt":"2017-03-10T22:32:32","slug":"is-hukukunda-arabuluculuk","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/celikavukatlik.com\/tr\/is-hukukunda-arabuluculuk\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130\u015f Hukukunda Arabuluculuk"},"content":{"rendered":"G\u0130R\u0130\u015e<\/strong>\n\n\u00a0<\/strong>\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131n konusu olan arabuluculuk sisteminin \u00f6zelliklerini ne oldu\u011funu, ne zaman devreye girdi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klamadan \u00f6nce, uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ne oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131p \u00e7e\u015fitlerine de\u011findim. Daha sonradan i\u015f uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131nda bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yollar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda k\u0131sa bilgiler verdikten sonra arabuluculuk kavram\u0131n\u0131 ve ne i\u015fe yarad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak ele ald\u0131m.\n\nArabuluculu\u011fun sistemimize girmesinden \u00f6nceki mevcut d\u00fczenin ( uzla\u015ft\u0131rma) ne oldu\u011fu, bu sistemle aras\u0131ndaki benzerlik ve farklara de\u011finip daha sonra \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131n temel ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olu\u015fturan \u201cArabuluculuk\u201d kurumunu, s\u0131ras\u0131yla niteliklerini, arabulucu olarak atanacak ki\u015filerin yetkileri, g\u00f6revleri ve atanma usul\u00fcn\u00fc Yarg\u0131tay ve Doktrin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131m.\n\n \n\nB\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM<\/strong>\n

UYU\u015eMAZLIK<\/strong><\/h1>\n\u00a0<\/strong>\n
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  1. UYU\u015eMAZLIK KAVRAMI<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\u0130\u015f ili\u015fkilerinde zaman zaman uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar s\u00f6z konusu olabilir. \u0130\u015f uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131; aralar\u0131nda menfaat ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulunan i\u015f ili\u015fkisinin taraflar\u0131 yani i\u015f\u00e7iler ile i\u015fverenler, i\u015fverenlerle i\u015f\u00e7i sendikalar\u0131, i\u015fveren sendikalar\u0131 ile i\u015f\u00e7i sendikalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 ifade eder.[1] S\u00f6z konusu farkl\u0131l\u0131klar \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015fekillerde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir. Toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerinde yeni \u015fartlar \u00fczerinde anla\u015fma sa\u011flanamamas\u0131 bir uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k \u00f6rne\u011fi olabilece\u011fi gibi, mevzuat ve toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ile tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f haklar\u0131n uygulanmamas\u0131, yanl\u0131\u015f uygulanmas\u0131 veya yorumunun yanl\u0131\u015f yap\u0131lmas\u0131 da uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k \u00f6rnekleridir.[2]\n
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    1. UYU\u015eMAZLI\u011eIN \u00c7E\u015e\u0130TLER\u0130<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\u00d6ncelikle toplu i\u015f uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bireysel ve toplu i\u015f uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Bireysel i\u015f uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>ndan kas\u0131t, i\u015f\u00e7i ve i\u015fveren ferdi olarak taraf iseler veya uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k toplulu\u011fu da ilgilendirmekle birlikte toplulukta \u00fcstlenilmedi\u011fi takdirde \u2018ferdi is uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019 s\u00f6z konusudur. Toplu i\u015f uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong> ise, uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7i toplulu\u011funu ilgilendirmesi sonucu toplulu\u011fun taraf olarak hareket etmesidir.\n\n\u0130kinci olarak ta hak ve \u00e7\u0131kar uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131 ay\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Toplu menfaat uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong> ise mevcut bir durumun de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi, yeni bir hakk\u0131n talep edilmesi \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kan uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klara denir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, istenilen \u00fccret art\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n kabul edilmemesi \u00fczerine greve gidildi\u011finde, bu durum hukuki anlamda bir hak arama de\u011fil yeni bir hakk\u0131n yerine getirilmesi istenir.\n\nToplu menfaat uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131nda bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yollar\u0131ndan en \u00e7ok kullan\u0131lanlar uzla\u015ft\u0131rma, arabuluculuk ve hakemlik y\u00f6ntemleridir.\n\n2822 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasa ya g\u00f6re (m.21) menfaat uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f nedenleri \u015funlard\u0131r:\n\n1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Toplu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmenin yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 yer, g\u00fcn ve saatte taraflardan birinin gelmemesi\n\n2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Toplu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme ba\u015flad\u0131ktan sonra taraflardan birinin toplant\u0131ya devam etmemesi\n\n3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Toplu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmenin ba\u015flamas\u0131ndan itibaren altm\u0131\u015f g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde taraflar\u0131n anla\u015famad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 bir tutanakla tespit etmeleri\n\n4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Toplu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmenin ba\u015flamas\u0131ndan itibaren altm\u0131\u015f\u0131nc\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcn sonunda taraflar\u0131n anla\u015fmaya varamam\u0131\u015f olmalar\u0131.\n
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      1. \u0130\u015e UYU\u015eMAZLIKLARINDA BARI\u015e\u00c7I \u00c7\u00d6Z\u00dcM YOLLARI<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\u0130\u015f uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcnde, bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yollar\u0131 veya m\u00fccadeleci ve g\u00fcce dayanan \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yollar\u0131 tercih edilebilir. M\u00fccadeleci ve g\u00fcce dayanan \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yollar\u0131 grev ve lokavt uygulamalar\u0131 g\u00f6sterilirken, bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yollar\u0131n\u0131n en \u00e7ok kullan\u0131lanlar\u0131 ise, uzla\u015ft\u0131rma, arabuluculuk ve tahkim y\u00f6ntemleridir.\n\nBaz\u0131 \u00fclkelerde, m\u00fccadeleci \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yollar\u0131na (grev ve lokavt) gidemezler. Buna \u00f6rnek Yeni Zelenda ve Avusturalya vard\u0131r ve burada s\u00f6z konusu toplu i\u015f uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131 zorunlu tahkim sistemiyle \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmektedir. Baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerde ise hi\u00e7 s\u0131n\u0131r olmamakla birlikte taraflar do\u011frudan grev ve lokavta gidebilmektedir. T\u00fcrkiye gibi di\u011fer baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerde de toplu i\u015f uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcnde grev ve lokavt uygulamalar\u0131nda baz\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar mevcuttur. Bu \u00fclkelerde taraflar grev ve lokavta do\u011frudan gidememekte, \u00f6ncelikle bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yollar\u0131n\u0131 denemek zorunda kalmaktad\u0131r.\n\nT\u00fcrk Hukukunda \u015fu an mevcut bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yollar\u0131, sadece \u201carabuluculuk\u201d ve \u201ctahkim\u201d den ibarettir. Bunlar\u0131n her ikisinde de ama\u00e7, taraflar\u0131 etkileri sadece kendileriyle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinen kavgac\u0131 yollara ba\u015fvurmaktan al\u0131koyup, bar\u0131\u015f i\u00e7inde anla\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamakt\u0131r.[3]\n\n\u00a0<\/strong>\n\nII. B\u00d6L\u00dcM<\/strong>\n\nARABULUCULUK<\/strong>\n
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        1. Genel Olarak<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\nHukukumuzda toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi yap\u0131l\u0131rken ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bir uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k oldu\u011funda greve veya grev yasa\u011f\u0131 olan hallerde Y\u00fcksek Hakem Kurul\u2019una gitmeden \u00f6nce arabuluculuk a\u015famas\u0131ndan ge\u00e7ilmesi zorunludur. Arabuluculuk, uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n tarafs\u0131z bir \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fi yard\u0131m\u0131yla \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc usuld\u00fcr.\n\nArabuluculukta bir \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fi devreye girerek taraflar\u0131n anla\u015fmaya varmalar\u0131na, onlar\u0131n bir form\u00fcl benimsemelerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. [4]Arabulucun verdi\u011fi kararlar\u0131n ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmamakla birlikte kanaatimce tavsiye niteli\u011finde kararlar olmaktan ibarettir. Zaten arabuluculu\u011fun kavram anlam\u0131 da budur. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan arabuluculuk; toplu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme s\u00fcreci i\u00e7inde anla\u015fma sa\u011flanamamas\u0131 halinde gidilmesi zorunlu, ancak sonucu taraflar\u0131n kabul\u00fcne ba\u011fl\u0131 bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r.\n\nArabuluculu\u011fun amac\u0131; toplu \u00e7\u0131kar uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcnde taraflar aras\u0131nda anla\u015fma sa\u011flamaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmakt\u0131r.\n\nGrev ve Lokavt, ki\u015filere tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f anayasal bir hak olman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra bu yola hi\u00e7 ba\u015fvurmamak ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olup bunlar\u0131n ulusal ekonomiyi az ya da \u00e7ok olumsuz y\u00f6nde etkileyece\u011fi bilinmektedir. Ama bu haklar\u0131n, \u00f6zellikle grevin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma bar\u0131\u015f\u0131na sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 yararlar\u0131n toplumsal ve demokratik a\u00e7\u0131dan a\u011f\u0131r basmas\u0131, bunlar\u0131n verece\u011fi ekonomik zararlar\u0131n g\u00f6ze al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir. \u00d6nemli olan Anayasal bir hak olan grevin \u00f6z\u00fcne dokunmadan, taraflar\u0131n g\u00fcvenini kazanm\u0131\u015f, sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 olmayan, fakat taraflar aras\u0131nda en adil dengeleri bularak uzla\u015f\u0131y\u0131 sa\u011flayan bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yollar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fler hale getirmektir.\n\nArabuluculu\u011fun taraflara yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nerinin kabul edilmesi zorunlu olmamas\u0131 \u00f6zelli\u011fi onu tahkimden ay\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Zira, hakem kararlar\u0131 taraflar\u0131 ba\u011flar. Arabulucunun taraflar\u0131 zorlama yetkisine sahip olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n aksine bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, taraflar\u0131n \u00f6zerkli\u011fine ve serbestli\u011fine dayanan toplu s\u00f6zle\u015fme d\u00fczeninin gerekleri ile ba\u011fda\u015fmaz.\n\nArabulma ve uzla\u015ft\u0131rma yak\u0131n benzerlikten dolay\u0131 Bat\u0131 \u00fclkelerinde bu kurumlara verilen isimler ve kavramlar\u0131n kapsam\u0131 de\u011fi\u015febilmektedir. Nitekim Fransa\u2019da arabulma, uzla\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re daha etkili bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yolu olarak kabul edilmekte; ancak \u0130ngiltere\u2019de arabulma denilince uzla\u015ft\u0131rma anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, \u0130svi\u00e7re, Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de uzla\u015ft\u0131rma ile arabulma kavramlar\u0131 birbiri i\u00e7ine girmi\u015f durumdad\u0131r. Uzla\u015ft\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemine olduk\u00e7a benzeyen bir y\u00f6ntem olan arabuluculukta taraflar aras\u0131ndaki uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcne \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir ki\u015fi katk\u0131 sa\u011flamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Arabulucu taraflar aras\u0131ndaki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 gidermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Arabulucu, taraflar\u0131n anla\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir karar tasla\u011f\u0131 haz\u0131rlamaya ve taraflar\u0131n buna uymas\u0131n\u0131 talep etmesi s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir. Taraflar\u0131n anla\u015fmalar\u0131 halinde arabulucunun g\u00f6revi sona ermektedir.[5]\n

          Arabuluculu\u011fun temel ama\u00e7lar\u0131, adaletin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi<\/em>,uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcnde etkinlik <\/em>ve kalitenin <\/em>yan\u0131nda adalete daha iyi eri\u015fimin <\/em>sa\u011flanmas\u0131 olarak say\u0131labilir.[6]<\/h2>\nHer uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 bir arabulucunun g\u00f6rev yapmas\u0131 esast\u0131r. Uygulamada birden fazla i\u015fyeri i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 arabulucu se\u00e7ilmesi yoluna gidilmektedir ve Yarg\u0131 organlar\u0131m\u0131z uygulamada kanunun aksine ayr\u0131 arabulucular\u0131n se\u00e7ilmesinde herhangi bir hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6rmemektedir.[7]\n
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          1. Arabuluculu\u011fun Uzla\u015ft\u0131rma \u0130le Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\nY\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131r\u0131lan 275 Say\u0131l\u0131 Toplu \u0130\u015f S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi Grev ve Lokavt Kanunumuz[8] uzla\u015ft\u0131rma prosed\u00fcr\u00fcne yer vermekte iken, mevcut 2822 Say\u0131l\u0131 TSGLK uzla\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rarak yerini arabuluculu\u011fa devretmi\u015ftir. 2822 Say\u0131l\u0131 Kanuna g\u00f6re arabuluculuk, toplu menfaat uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131nda grev ve lokavt veya zorunlu tahkim \u00f6ncesinde mutlaka ba\u015fvurulmas\u0131 gerekli olan bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yolu olarak \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Her iki yasan\u0131n da, bu konudaki ortak yan\u0131, toplu menfaat uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcnde grev ve lokavta yahut Y\u00fcksek Hakem Kurulu (YHK)\u2019na ba\u015fvurmadan \u00f6nceki a\u015famada bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 yollar\u0131n denenmesinin kabul edilmesidir.\n
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            1. 275 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanundaki Uzla\u015ft\u0131rma Sisteminin Baz\u0131 \u00d6zellikleri<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
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              1. Uzla\u015ft\u0131rma Kurulu \u00fcyelerinin se\u00e7imi<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\nHer uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 bir uzla\u015ft\u0131rma kurulu olu\u015fmaktayd\u0131. Bu sistemde uzla\u015ft\u0131rma kurulu \u00fcyelerinin se\u00e7imi taraflara b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Taraflardan her biri bir \u2018tarafs\u0131z<\/strong>\u2019 arac\u0131 se\u00e7ip g\u00f6revlendirmekte; bunlar da bir \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u2018tarafs\u0131z arac\u0131<\/strong>\u2019 se\u00e7mektedir.[9] \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc arac\u0131 hakk\u0131nda anla\u015f\u0131lamazsa bu ki\u015fiyi mahkeme tayin edecektir.\n\nTart\u0131\u015fmalara yol a\u00e7an \u015fey, \u2018tarafs\u0131z\u2019 ifadesinin kanunun ifadesine uymam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Yasada, sadece \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc arac\u0131 i\u00e7in de\u011fil, taraf arac\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7in de \u2018tarafs\u0131z\u2019 s\u0131fat\u0131 kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Uygulamada, uzla\u015ft\u0131rma kurulunun iki \u00fcyesinin tarafs\u0131z olmamas\u0131, hatta bilakis taraf temsilcisi durumunda olmas\u0131, uzla\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc arac\u0131 ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda taraflar aras\u0131nda m\u00fczakerelerinin devam\u0131 mahiyeti almas\u0131na yol a\u00e7maktayd\u0131.[10] Taraf arac\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n genellikle taraflar\u0131n yanlar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ki\u015filerden se\u00e7imleri kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, bu durumun Yasan\u0131n uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir kere de tarafs\u0131z bir kurulda objektif olarak incelenmesi yolundaki amac\u0131na ters d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ve hatta seyrek olmakla birlikte uygulaman\u0131n ilk y\u0131llar\u0131nda bu konuda yap\u0131lan itirazlar\u0131n mahkemeleri zor durumda b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bundan ba\u015fka, 275 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasa d\u00f6neminde \u015fikayet edilen bir konu da, taraf arac\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n anla\u015famamas\u0131 durumunda \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc tarafs\u0131z arac\u0131n\u0131n mahkemece se\u00e7ilmesine ili\u015fkin olarak bu ki\u015filerin sahip olacaklar\u0131 nitelikler konusunda yasal d\u00fczenlemenin bulunmamas\u0131yd\u0131.\n
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                1. Uzla\u015ft\u0131rma faaliyeti<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\nBu kurulun 275 say\u0131l\u0131 yasada ara\u015ft\u0131rma ara\u00e7lar\u0131 ve tavsiye niteli\u011findeki kararlar\u0131n\u0131 etkili k\u0131lacak herhangi bir h\u00fck\u00fcm yoktu. Uygulamada, grev yolunu uzatan, masraflara yol a\u00e7an gereksiz bir a\u015fama olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.\n\n275 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasada, Uzla\u015ft\u0131rma Kurulu\u2019nun resmi bir h\u00fcviyeti bulunmamaktayd\u0131. 2822 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasada ise arabuluculuk faaliyeti esas olarak; bu ama\u00e7la kurulmu\u015f bir te\u015fkilat, resmi bir kurum taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclecektir. 275 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasada, uzla\u015ft\u0131rma kurulu her uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k i\u00e7in ayr\u0131ca te\u015fkil edildi\u011fi halde, 2822 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasada arabuluculuk s\u0131rf bu g\u00f6revi icra etmek i\u00e7in olu\u015fturulan Resmi Arabuluculuk Te\u015fkilat\u0131 (RAT) taraf\u0131ndan belirlenecek ki\u015filer taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclecektir.\n
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                  1. 2822 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanundaki Arabuluculu\u011fun Baz\u0131 \u00d6zellikleri<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
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                    1. \u0130\u015fleyi\u015f y\u00f6n\u00fcnden farkl\u0131l\u0131klar<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\nUzla\u015ft\u0131rmada Kurul karar alarak taraflar\u0131n kabul\u00fcne sunar. Oysa arabulucu sadece taraflar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ve teklifleri aras\u0131ndaki fark\u0131 gidermeye, taraflar\u0131 birbirine yak\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r ve sonu\u00e7ta \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme taraflar kendileri ula\u015f\u0131rlar.[11]\n\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>Yukar\u0131da da daha \u00f6nce s\u00f6yledi\u011fim \u00fczere arabulucu, taraflar\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnemedikleri farkl\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler sunar ve bunu yaparken tavsiyelerini raporuna ekleyece\u011fi i\u00e7in, kimi yazarlar uzla\u015ft\u0131rmaya benzetmektedir. Ger\u00e7ekten, burada resmi arabulucu, taraflar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini yak\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken \u00f6nerilerde de bulunabilir.\n\nBir ba\u015fka husus ise arabulucunun tek ba\u015f\u0131na \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, Uzla\u015ft\u0131rma faaliyetinden ay\u0131ran bir di\u011fer ay\u0131rt edici \u00f6zelli\u011fidir.\n\n2822 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasan\u0131n ilk d\u00fczenlenmesinde; uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k halindeki taraflar\u0131n ba\u015fvurmakta fazla bir yarar ummad\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc arabuluculukla zorunlu arabuluculuk aras\u0131nda yararl\u0131 bir ili\u015fki kurulamam\u0131\u015f, aksine sistemin i\u015fleyi\u015finde \u00e7e\u015fitli zorluklar taraflar\u0131n zaman kaybetmelerine neden olmu\u015ftur.[12] Arabuluculuk konusunda yo\u011fun ele\u015ftirilen etkisiyle 3299 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasa taraf\u0131ndan yeniden 2822 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasa d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Ama\u00e7, bu kuruma i\u015flerlik kazand\u0131rmak, grev veya lokavt gibi toplu m\u00fccadele ara\u00e7lar\u0131na ba\u015fvurmadan \u00f6nce taraflar\u0131 kendi istekleri ile bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme ula\u015ft\u0131rabilmektir. 3299 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasa ile yap\u0131lan de\u011fi\u015fiklikler, her ne kadar sistemin i\u015fleyi\u015fini \u00e7abukla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f ise de etkinli\u011fini artt\u0131ramam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\n\nIII.B\u00d6L\u00dcM<\/strong>\n\nTOPLU G\u00d6R\u00dc\u015eME S\u00dcRES\u0130 \u0130\u00c7\u0130NDEK\u0130 ARABULUCULUK<\/strong>\n\n(\u00d6NLEY\u0130C\u0130 ARABULUCULUK)<\/strong>\n
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                      1. Kavram<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\nm.22\/1 : \u2018Toplu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmenin ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihten itibaren taraflar otuz g\u00fcn ge\u00e7ti\u011finde bir anla\u015fmaya varamam\u0131\u015fsa, taraflardan her biri g\u00f6revli makama ba\u015fvurarak resmi listeden veya liste d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan kendilerinin tespit edece\u011fi bir arabulucunun toplu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelere kat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 isteyebilir<\/em>.\u2019\n\nTaraflardan birinin talebiyle arabulucunun devreye girmesinden dolay\u0131 bu arabuluculu\u011fu doktrinde baz\u0131 yazarlar[13] \u2018ihtiyari arabuluculuk\u2019 ad\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015ftir. Ancak, arabuluculu\u011fun devreye sokulmas\u0131n\u0131n taraflar\u0131n iradesine ba\u011fl\u0131 olmamas\u0131, ba\u015fvurunun bir zorunluluk olmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 kan\u0131mca ona ihtiyari arabuluculuk denmesi yerinde de\u011fildir. Zira, ihtiyari olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in arabuluculu\u011fu ba\u015flatmak, taraflar\u0131n m\u00fc\u015fterek iradesine ba\u011fl\u0131 olmas\u0131 gerekirdi. Uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n taraflar\u0131ndan birinin iste\u011fi ile arabuluculu\u011fun ba\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131 di\u011fer taraf i\u00e7in zorunlu hale geldi\u011fi \u015fekilde izah edilmektedir. E\u011fer taraflardan ikisi de g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelere bir arabulucunun kat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015flerse, bu bir ihtiyari arabuluculuktur.[14]\n
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                        1. Arabulucunun Atanmas\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in Ba\u015fvuru, S\u00fcresi ve Atanma Usul\u00fc<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\nArabulucunun atanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ba\u015fvuru, toplu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerin kapsam\u0131na g\u00f6re, 18. Maddedeki[15] g\u00f6revli makamlara, toplu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmenin ba\u015flamas\u0131ndan itibaren otuz g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde bir anla\u015fmaya ula\u015f\u0131lamam\u0131\u015fsa ba\u015fvurulur.\n\nTSGLK m.22\/2 ye g\u00f6re, \u2018Toplu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmenin ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihten itibaren otuz g\u00fcn<\/strong> ge\u00e7mesine ra\u011fmen anla\u015fma sa\u011flanamam\u0131\u015fsa, taraflardan her biri<\/strong> g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelere 59 uncu maddeye g\u00f6re d\u00fczenlenen resmi listeden bir arabulucunun kat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6revli makamdan<\/strong> isteyebilir. Ba\u015fvuruyu alan g\u00f6revli makam arabulucu tayini i\u00e7in taraflar\u0131alt\u0131 i\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fc<\/strong> i\u00e7inde toplant\u0131ya \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131r Taraflardan biri bu toplant\u0131ya kat\u0131lmazsa veya toplant\u0131da arabulucu tayini hususunda aralar\u0131nda anla\u015fma sa\u011flanamazsa, g\u00f6revli makam, resmi listeden bir arabulucuyu taraflardan en az birinin huzurunda ad \u00e7ekmek<\/strong> suretiyle<\/strong> tespit eder. Arabulucu tayini yoluna gidilmi\u015f ve anla\u015fma sa\u011flanamam\u0131\u015fsa, uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n tespiti bak\u0131m\u0131ndan altm\u0131\u015f g\u00fcnl\u00fck s\u00fcrenin ge\u00e7mesi beklenilmez ve ayr\u0131ca resmi arabulucu tayin edilmez.\u2019<\/em>\n\nG\u00f6revli makama ba\u015fvurmu\u015f olmay\u0131 mutlaka uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na alan bir k\u0131s\u0131m doktrin, [16] \u00a0taraflar bir defa istekte bulunmu\u015flarsa g\u00f6revli makam\u0131n toplant\u0131ya gelmeseler bile kendili\u011finden mahkemeye ba\u015fvurup bir arabulucunun atanmas\u0131n\u0131n uygunlu\u011funu, fakat yasaya g\u00f6re altm\u0131\u015f\u0131nc\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fc beklemek mecburiyetini belirtmektedir.\u00a0 Ancak taraflar, ayn\u0131 yasan\u0131n 21\/3. maddesi \u2018Toplu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmenin ba\u015flamas\u0131ndan itibaren altm\u0131\u015f g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde taraflar anla\u015famad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 bir tutanak ile tespit ederlerse veya toplu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmenin ba\u015flamas\u0131ndan itibaren altm\u0131\u015f\u0131nc\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcn sonunda anla\u015fmaya varamam\u0131\u015flarsa, taraflardan biri durumu g\u00f6revli makama yaz\u0131yla bildirir..\u2019 <\/em>h\u00fckm\u00fc ile 22\/2 nin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na gerek kalmadan tespit i\u015flemi ile arabulucuyu devreye resmen girmesini temin edebilirlerse de yasa koyucunun altm\u0131\u015f g\u00fcnl\u00fck s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde taraflar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme gayretlerinin bitmesini kabul etmedi\u011finden, s\u00fcreden \u00f6nce m\u00fczakerelere kat\u0131lan arabulucu da bu gayretlere katk\u0131da bulunup onlar\u0131 ortak noktalarda bulu\u015fturmaya ve bir anla\u015fma sa\u011flamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015facakt\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc zaman bu sahadaki gayretler bir \u2018\u00f6nleyici arabuluculuk\u2019\u2019tur.\n\nAncak bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn aksine doktrinde baz\u0131 yazarlar [17] \u2018g\u00f6revli makam\u0131n \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczerine taraflar dilerse resmi liste d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan veya resmi listeden arabulucu se\u00e7ebilirler\u2019 demektedir.\n\n\u00d6nleyici arabulucu, daha m\u00fczakereler esnas\u0131nda devreye girip uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k \u00e7\u0131kmadan anla\u015fman\u0131n kurulmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmaktad\u0131r. Yoksa onun g\u00f6revi \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f bir uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zmeye yard\u0131m etmek de\u011fildir. Bu a\u015famada arabulucunun bir tutanak d\u00fczenlemesi s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir. Taraflar\u0131n kabul\u00fcne sunulan bir karar ise zaten arabulma kurumunun niteli\u011fine ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r.\n\nBurada \u00fczerinde durulmas\u0131 gereken bir hususta \u015fudur ki; g\u00f6revli makam\u0131n d\u00fczenledi\u011fi toplant\u0131ya iki tarafta kat\u0131l\u0131rsa, \u00f6ncelikle anla\u015f\u0131p bir kimseyi arabulucu olarak atayabilirler. Bu kimse resmi liste d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan da olabilece\u011fi gibi resmi listeden de se\u00e7ilebilece\u011fini daha \u00f6ncede belirtmi\u015ftim. Ancak dikkat edilmesi gereken nokta; resmi listeden de se\u00e7ilmi\u015f dahi olsa, taraflar\u0131n anla\u015farak belirledikleri bu arabulucunun resmi bir s\u0131fat\u0131 olmay\u0131p, \u00f6zel olarak g\u00f6rev yapaca\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6zel arabulucu niteli\u011finde oldu\u011fundan, \u00fccreti, taraflar belirleyip \u00f6deyecektir.\n
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                          1. Arabuluculuk S\u00fcresince \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n Korunmas\u0131 Zorunlulu\u011fu<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n2822 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasan\u0131n 27. Maddesinin 1. f\u0131kras\u0131 gere\u011fince, arabuluculuk s\u00fcresinin sonunda uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenmedi\u011fini belirten uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k tutana\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tebli\u011finden alt\u0131 i\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fc ge\u00e7meden grev karar\u0131 al\u0131namayaca\u011f\u0131ndan, bu madde h\u00fckm\u00fcne ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak al\u0131nan grev veya lokavt karar\u0131 yasa d\u0131\u015f\u0131 nitelikte olacakt\u0131r.\n\nB\u00f6ylece bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yolu \u201carabuluculuk faaliyeti\u201d tamamlanmadan i\u015f m\u00fccadelesi yoluna (grev ve lokavta) ba\u015fvurulamaz. Arabuluculuk s\u00fcresince taraflar \u201c\u00e7al\u0131\u015fma (i\u015f) bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131\u201d mutlak surette korumak zorundad\u0131rlar.[18]\n\nIV.B\u00d6L\u00dcM<\/strong>\n\nTOPLU G\u00d6R\u00dc\u015eME A\u015eAMASINDAN SONRA ARABULUCULUK<\/strong>\n\n(Zorunlu Arabuluculuk)<\/strong>\n\nZorunlu arabuluculuk; se\u00e7imlik arabuluculuktan daha farkl\u0131 ko\u015fullara tabidir. Toplu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmenin ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihten itibaren altm\u0131\u015f g\u00fcn ge\u00e7mesine ra\u011fmen taraflar aras\u0131nda bir anla\u015fma sa\u011flanamam\u0131\u015fsa pazarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n devam\u0131na yasa izin vermemi\u015f, sisteme bir arabulucunun dahil edilmesini zorunlu tutmu\u015ftur.\n\n\u00d6ncelikle zorunlu arabulucu taraflar\u0131n anla\u015fma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n zay\u0131f oldu\u011fu durumlarda zaman kayb\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi amac\u0131yla getirilmi\u015ftir. \u0130ki durumda devreye girmektedir.\n\n1-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>Toplu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmenin ba\u015flamas\u0131ndan itibaren altm\u0131\u015f g\u00fcn ge\u00e7mesine ra\u011fmen anla\u015fma sa\u011flanmaz ve m. 22\/2 ye g\u00f6re de (se\u00e7imlik) arabulucu tayini de yap\u0131lmazsa,\n\n(Ger\u00e7ekten 22. Maddenin 2. F\u0131kras\u0131na g\u00f6re bu durumda g\u00f6revli makam (m.18), ba\u015fvuru \u00fczerine veya re\u2019sen alt\u0131 i\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7inde i\u015f mahkemesine ba\u015fvurarak resmi listeden bir arabulucunun tayinini isteyecektir.)\n\n2-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>Taraflardan biri toplu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeye gelmez, g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmez, toplant\u0131ya devam etmezse \u00f6teki taraf durumu yaz\u0131 ile g\u00f6revli makama bildirir. (m.21\/1). Yaz\u0131y\u0131 alan g\u00f6revli makam, otuz veya altm\u0131\u015f g\u00fcnl\u00fck s\u00fcrelerin ge\u00e7mesini beklemeksizin arabuluculuk i\u015flemlerini ba\u015flat\u0131r.[19] Daha sonra, g\u00f6revli makam resen veya kendili\u011finden, alt\u0131 i\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fcnde i\u015f mahkemesine ba\u015fvurup, resmi listeden bir arabulucu isteyecektir.\n\nZorunlu arabuluculuk, 2822 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunun, uzla\u015ft\u0131rma yerine d\u00fczenledi\u011fi arabuluculuktur.\n\nToplu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmenin son otuz g\u00fcnl\u00fck d\u00f6neminde arabulucu olarak g\u00f6rev yapm\u0131\u015f olan ki\u015finin g\u00f6revine devam etmesine de Yasa izin vermi\u015ftir. Ancak bu durumda taraflar\u0131n yaz\u0131l\u0131 olarak anla\u015fmalar\u0131 gerekmektedir. Anla\u015fman\u0131n altm\u0131\u015f g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekir. Zira ayn\u0131 arabulucu resmi arabuluculuk g\u00f6revine altm\u0131\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fcn bitiminden itibaren ba\u015flayacakt\u0131r (m. 22\/3). Yasa koyucu hakl\u0131 olarak, pazarl\u0131k a\u015famas\u0131nda bulunmu\u015f ve taraflar\u0131n g\u00fcvenini kazanm\u0131\u015f arabulucunun g\u00f6reve devam\u0131nda bir sak\u0131nca g\u00f6rmemi\u015ftir.[20]\n\nArabuluculuk s\u00fcresi 2922 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasa m.23\/1 gere\u011fi on be\u015f g\u00fcnl\u00fck s\u00fcre olarak belirlenmi\u015f ve taraflar\u0131n bu s\u00fcreyi anla\u015farak en \u00e7ok alt\u0131 i\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fc uzat\u0131labilece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.\n\nResmi arabulucu bu s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde taraflar\u0131n anla\u015fmaya varmas\u0131 i\u00e7in her t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u00e7abay\u0131 g\u00f6sterecek (m.23\/2), taraflar\u0131 ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 veya birlikte toplant\u0131ya \u00e7a\u011f\u0131racak, uygun \u00f6nerilerde bulunup, teredd\u00fctleri giderecek bilgiler verecektir. Bu arada taraflarda, arabulucuya istedi\u011fi takdirde her t\u00fcrl\u00fc bilgiyi vermek zorundad\u0131r. Bu zorunluluk, Se\u00e7imlik arabulucu i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.\n\nResmi arabulucunun \u00fccretini, t\u00fcz\u00fckte belirtilen s\u0131n\u0131rlar aras\u0131nda, hakim taraf\u0131ndan belirlenecek ve \u00f6deme fondan ger\u00e7ekle\u015fecektir. (m.59\/4)\n\n \n\nV.B\u00d6L\u00dcM<\/strong>\n\nRESM\u0130 ARABULUCULUK TE\u015eK\u0130LATI<\/strong>\n\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>Resmi arabuluculuk te\u015fkilat\u0131 2822 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunun 59. maddesinde ve daha ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak Hakeme ve Resmi Arabulucuya Ba\u015fvurma T\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde d\u00fczenlenmektedir. 16 Haziran 1984 tarih ve 18433 say\u0131l\u0131 RG. de yay\u0131mlanan bu T\u00fcz\u00fckte hem Y\u00fcksek Hakem Kurulunun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma usul\u00fc, hem toplu menfaat uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131nda \u00f6zel hakem incelenmesinde uygulanacak usuller belirtilmi\u015f, ayr\u0131ca Resmi Arabuluculuk Te\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n kurulu\u015f ve i\u015fleyi\u015fi, resmi arabuluculara \u00f6denecek \u00fccretlerle, bu fon i\u00e7in taraflar\u0131n \u00f6demesi gereken \u00fccretler d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Taraflar\u0131n fona yapacaklar\u0131 \u00f6demeleri yerine getirmediklerinde ne yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131nda ne Kanunda ne de T\u00fcz\u00fckte bir h\u00fck\u00fcm yoktur. T\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn 22. maddesine g\u00f6re, RAT, \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ve Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak kurulmu\u015f olan: 1- Resmi Arabuluculuk Daire Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (RADB), 2- Se\u00e7ici Kurul (SK), 3- Resmi Arabuluculardan olu\u015fur.\n
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                            1. Resmi Arabuluculuk Daire Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\nRADB; SK\u2019 n\u0131n raport\u00f6rl\u00fck hizmetlerini, Resmi arabuluculara yap\u0131lacak \u00f6demeleri kar\u015f\u0131lamak \u00fczere olu\u015fturulacak fona ili\u015fkin i\u015flemleri ve di\u011fer b\u00fcro hizmetlerini y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcr.(m.23)\n\nBu organ\u0131n getirilmesinin amac\u0131; toplu pazarl\u0131kta taraflar\u0131n \u00f6zerkli\u011fini s\u0131n\u0131rlamak de\u011fil, aksine onlara yard\u0131m sa\u011flamak olmal\u0131d\u0131r.[21]\n
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                              1. Se\u00e7ici Kurul<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\nSK; resmi arabulucular\u0131n se\u00e7imini yapar ve arabulucular\u0131n adlar\u0131n\u0131 RG. de ilan eder. Bu kurulda \u00fc\u00e7 devlet idaresi mensubu ve bir \u00f6\u011fretim \u00fcyesinin yan\u0131nda, e\u015fit say\u0131da, iki\u015fer i\u015f\u00e7i ve i\u015fveren temsilcisinin yer almas\u0131 suretiyle bir denge g\u00f6zetilmi\u015ftir.[22]\n
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                                1. Resmi Arabulucular<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\nArabuluculukla ilgili ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 yasal d\u00fczenlemelerde arabulucunun atanmas\u0131na il\u015fkin h\u00fck\u00fcmlere yer verilmi\u015f, fakat arabulucunun nitelikleri ve \u00f6zellikle \u201ctarafs\u0131z\u201d olup olmayaca\u011f\u0131 belirtilmemi\u015ftir.[23] Ancak Hakeme ve Resmi arabulucuya Ba\u015fvurma T\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde bu konu belirlenmi\u015ftir. T\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn 26. Maddesine g\u00f6re; Arabulucu,\n
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                                  • T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015f\u0131 olacak,<\/li>\n \t
                                  • Medeni ve siyasi haklar\u0131 kullanma ehliyetine sahip olacak,<\/li>\n \t
                                  • Taksirli su\u00e7lar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda a\u011f\u0131r hapis veya alt\u0131 aydan fazla hapis yahut affa u\u011fram\u0131\u015f olsalar bile Devletin \u015fahsiyetine kar\u015f\u0131 i\u015flenen su\u00e7larla, zimmet, ihtilas, irtikap, r\u00fc\u015fvet, h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k, doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k, sahtecilik, inanc\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullanmak, hileli iflas su\u00e7lar\u0131ndan biriyle kesin olarak h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc bulunmayacak,<\/li>\n \t
                                  • Kamu hizmetlerinden yasaklanm\u0131\u015f olmayacak,<\/li>\n \t
                                  • Siyasi bir parti organ\u0131nda g\u00f6revli olmayacak,<\/li>\n \t
                                  • Sendika \u015fubesi, sendika veya konfederasyonlarda Sendikalar Kanununa g\u00f6re y\u00f6neticilik say\u0131lan g\u00f6revlerde bulunmayacak,<\/li>\n \t
                                  • Kamu kurum ve kurulu\u015flarda g\u00f6revli bulunmayacak.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nArabulucunun en ba\u015fta gelen g\u00f6revi, taraflar\u0131n anla\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in onlar\u0131 ikna etmektir. Bu g\u00f6revini ifa ederken de belli ba\u015fl\u0131 sorumluluklar\u0131 vard\u0131r. \u00d6ncelikle arabulucu tarafs\u0131z, objektif ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olmal\u0131d\u0131r. 2822 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasan\u0131n 69. Maddesi ile resmi arabulucunun sorumlulu\u011fu h\u00fckm\u00fc ilk kez getirilmi\u015f ve ilgili maddede 275 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasada bulunmayan bir d\u00fczenleme ile, uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n mahiyetinin ve taraflar\u0131n anla\u015fabilecekleri veya anla\u015fmalar\u0131 gereken noktalar\u0131, end\u00fcstriyel uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc taraf\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fkil eden kamu oyuna a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131 ve arabuluculu\u011fun kamu yarar\u0131 amac\u0131yla y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen bir kamu hizmeti oldu\u011funu vurgulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[24]\n
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                                    1. Arabuluculuk G\u00f6revinin S\u00fcresi<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\nTSGLK m.23\u2019 g\u00f6re zorunlu arabuluculukta arabulucunun g\u00f6rev s\u00fcresi, g\u00f6revli makamca kendisine yap\u0131lan duyurudan itibaren ba\u015flar [25] ve s\u00fcresi on be\u015f g\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Yasada a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtilmemi\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc arabuluculunun g\u00f6rev s\u00fcresi de, zorunlu arabuluculuk h\u00fckm\u00fcne k\u0131yasen, g\u00f6revli makamca kendisine yap\u0131lacak duyurudan itibaren ba\u015flayacak ve yine s\u00fcresi on be\u015f g\u00fcn olarak uygulanacakt\u0131r.\n\nOn be\u015f g\u00fcnl\u00fck olan s\u00fcre, taraflar\u0131n anla\u015fmas\u0131 ile en \u00e7ok alt\u0131 i\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fc uzat\u0131labilir. Bu yirmi bir g\u00fcnl\u00fck s\u00fcre azami s\u00fcredir ve bu nedenle taraflar anla\u015fsa bile bu s\u00fcre ikinci defa uzat\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Arabulucunun, g\u00f6rev s\u00fcresini kendili\u011finden uzatma yetkisi de yoktur. Bu yetki sadece uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n taraflar\u0131na aittir.\n\nDikkat edilmesi gereken bir di\u011fer hususta; maddede s\u00fcre; toplu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmenin altm\u0131\u015f g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde sonu\u00e7lanamamas\u0131 \u00fczerine ba\u015flayan zorunlu arabuluculu\u011fun on be\u015f g\u00fcn ile belirlendi\u011finden, bu on be\u015f g\u00fcnl\u00fck s\u00fcreye resmi tatillerde dahildir. Oysa bir defaya mahsus uzat\u0131lan alt\u0131 i\u015f g\u00fcnl\u00fck s\u00fcrede \u2018alt\u0131 i\u015f<\/strong> g\u00fcn\u00fc\u2019 ibaresi ile bize g\u00f6stermektedir ki, resmi tatiller bu s\u00fcreye dahil de\u011fildir.\n\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>Arabulucu taraflar aras\u0131nda uzla\u015fma \u00fcmidi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle de olsa, arabuluculu\u011fu sona erdiremez. On be\u015f g\u00fcnl\u00fck s\u00fcrenin bitiminden \u00f6nce arabulucu uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k tutana\u011f\u0131 d\u00fczenlemeyecektir. Taraflar aralar\u0131nda anla\u015fmak suretiyle arabuluculuk s\u00fcresini alt\u0131 i\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fc daha uzatabilirlerse de bu on be\u015f g\u00fcnl\u00fck s\u00fcreyi k\u0131saltamazlar.[26]\n\n\u00a0<\/strong>\n
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                                      1. Arabulucunun Faaliyeti<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\nTSGLK da arabuluculuk faaliyeti usul\u00fc k\u0131smen belirlenmi\u015ftir. Daha \u00f6nce de bahsedilen \u2018taraflar\u0131n anla\u015fmaya varmas\u0131 i\u00e7in her t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u00e7abay\u0131 harcar ve ilgililere \u00f6nerilerde bulunur\u2019 <\/em>h\u00fckm\u00fc d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda belirtilen bir ba\u015fka usul olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, y\u00f6netimde serbestilik esas al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\n\nResmi arabulucunun istedi\u011fi her t\u00fcrl\u00fc bilgi kendisine verilmek zorundad\u0131r. 2822 say\u0131l\u0131 kanunun 69. Maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen cezai sorumluluk uyar\u0131nca, resmi arabulucunun s\u0131rf taraflara zarar verme kast\u0131 ile g\u00f6revini ifadan ka\u00e7\u0131nmas\u0131 ya da tutana\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcresinde g\u00f6revli makama vermemesi halinde para cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Doktrinde benimde kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131m baz\u0131 yazarlara[27] g\u00f6re; bu h\u00fck\u00fcm k\u0131yas yolu ile se\u00e7imlik arabulucular hakk\u0131nda uygulanmamal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ortada bir ceza olmas\u0131 ve ceza hukukuna ait temel ilkelerden cezada k\u0131yas yasa\u011f\u0131 ile ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, zorunlu arabulucular i\u00e7in \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen ceza, k\u0131yas yoluyla se\u00e7imlik arabuluculara uygulanmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn aksini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen yazarlara [28]g\u00f6re ise; se\u00e7imlik arabulucunun zorunlu arabulucudan niteli\u011fi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle k\u0131yas yolu ile de\u011fil h\u00fckm\u00fcn onlara do\u011frudan uygulanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrmektedirler.\n\nResmi arabulucu, g\u00f6revlerinin ifas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda kendisi taraf\u0131ndan veya kendisine kar\u015f\u0131 i\u015flenen su\u00e7lar bak\u0131m\u0131ndan kamu g\u00f6revlisi say\u0131l\u0131r. Bu h\u00fck\u00fcm, resmi arabuluculuk te\u015fkilat\u0131 ve tayini ile arabuluculuk faaliyeti ve m\u00fcessesesinin kamu hukukuna girdi\u011fini belirgin olarak ortaya koymaktad\u0131r.[29]\n\n \n\nVI.B\u00d6L\u00dcM<\/strong>\n\nGREV VE LOKAVTIN ERTELENMES\u0130 D\u00d6NEM\u0130NDEK\u0130 ARABULUCULUK<\/strong>\n\nGrev ve lokavt, Bakanlar Kurulunca genel sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve milli g\u00fcvenli\u011fi bozucu nitelikte g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr ise altm\u0131\u015f g\u00fcn s\u00fcreyle ertelenebilir. Bu d\u00f6nem i\u00e7inde de ikinci bir arabulma durumu s\u00f6z konusu olur. Bu arabuluculu\u011fa \u2018ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc arabuluculuk\u2019 denilmektedir.\n\nOla\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc arabuluculuk, asl\u0131nda i\u015f m\u00fccadelesinden \u00f6nce de\u011fil, i\u015f m\u00fccadelesi (kavgac\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm) i\u00e7inde ba\u015fvurulan bir arabuluculuk t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr.[30]\n\nErteleme s\u00fcresi sona erdi\u011finde, uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in arabulucu elinden gelen her t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u00e7abay\u0131 sarf etmesine ra\u011fmen taraflar anla\u015fmam\u0131\u015flarsa ya da uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6zel hakem \u00f6n\u00fcne g\u00f6t\u00fcrmemi\u015flerse, Y\u00fcksek Hakem Kuruluna (YHK) ba\u015fvurulur (m.34\/3). Bu ba\u015fvuruyu \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ve Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Bakan\u0131 bizzat kendisi veya resmi listeden se\u00e7ece\u011fi bir arabulucu vas\u0131tas\u0131yla yapar (TSGLK. M. 33, 34\/1).\n\n\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ve Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Bakan\u0131n\u0131n veya se\u00e7ece\u011fi arabulucunun \u00e7abas\u0131 taraflar\u0131n anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flarsa, toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015f olur.[31]\n\nG\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere, bu s\u00fcrecin sonucunda zorunlu tahkime gidilmektedir. Taraflar uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n Y\u00fcksek Hakem Kurulunca karara ba\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131 istemezlerse, yapacaklar\u0131 \u015fey, bu a\u015famada anla\u015fmaya var\u0131p toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesini akdetmek, ya da uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6zel hakeme intikal ettirmektir.[32]\n\n \n\nVII.B\u00d6L\u00dcM<\/strong>\n\nARABULUCULU\u011eUN SONA ERMES\u0130<\/strong>\n
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                                        1. Anla\u015fman\u0131n Sa\u011flanmas\u0131<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n2822 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunumuzun 23\/3. Maddesine g\u00f6re arabulucu, taraflar\u0131n anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flarsa, 20. Madde h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uygulan\u0131r yani toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin yaz\u0131lmas\u0131 a\u015famas\u0131na ge\u00e7ilir. 4. Madde de \u015feklinin yaz\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131 zorunlulu\u011fu d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f olup, yaz\u0131l\u0131 yap\u0131lmazsa ge\u00e7ersiz oldu\u011fu h\u00fckm\u00fcne yer verilmi\u015ftir. Ge\u00e7erlilik \u015fart\u0131 olan yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekil zorunlulu\u011fu \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmesi, genel olarak s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin aleniyetini sa\u011flamak ve \u00f6zellikle s\u00f6zle\u015fme kapsam\u0131na girenlere s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin muhtevas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k ve kesin olarak ortaya koyarak, bu y\u00fczden uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek amac\u0131na, dayanmaktad\u0131r.[33]\n\nS\u00f6zle\u015fme, be\u015f n\u00fcsha olarak d\u00fczenlenecek olan toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi taraf temsilcilerince imzalan\u0131r denilerek 20. Maddede arabulucunun imzas\u0131n\u0131n olmas\u0131n\u0131n gere\u011fi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc arabulucu s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin bir taraf\u0131 de\u011fil imzalanmas\u0131nda yard\u0131mc\u0131 rol\u00fcndedir.\n\nBe\u015f n\u00fcsha olarak d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin \u00fc\u00e7 n\u00fcshas\u0131 toplu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme i\u00e7in \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131y\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015f taraf\u00e7a, imza g\u00fcn\u00fcnden itibaren alt\u0131 i\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7inde g\u00f6revli makama tevdi edilir.\n
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                                          1. Anla\u015fman\u0131n Sa\u011flanamamas\u0131<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\nE\u011fer arabuluculuk s\u00fcresi sonunda anla\u015fma olmam\u0131\u015fsa arabulucu, \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirleyen bir tutanak d\u00fczenler ve bu tutana\u011f\u0131 uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sona erdirmek i\u00e7in gerekli g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc tavsiyeleri de ekleyerek g\u00f6revli makama verir.[34] O da en ge\u00e7 alt\u0131 i\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7inde tutana\u011f\u0131 taraflara tebli\u011f eder (m. 23\/son). Tutana\u011fa gerekli g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc tavsiyeleri isterse ekleme imkan\u0131 vard\u0131r. Tutana\u011f\u0131n tutulmas\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc; tutana\u011f\u0131n tebli\u011finden itibaren art\u0131k i\u015f m\u00fccadelesi yolu a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olur. Kanunun a\u00e7\u0131k anlat\u0131m\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda arabulucu tavsiyelerini tutana\u011fa eklemek zorunda de\u011fildir.[35]\n\nGrev ve Lokavt yolunun a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, Kanun koyucu Resmi Arabuluculuk Te\u015fkilat\u0131\u2019na da s\u00fcratle yapmas\u0131 gereken bir g\u00f6rev y\u00fcklemi\u015ftir. Bu g\u00f6rev, her arabulma faaliyetine giri\u015filen uyu\u015fmazl\u0131kta var\u0131lan sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n en k\u0131sa zamanda uygun vas\u0131talarla kamuoyuna a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131d\u0131r (m.59\/6). Te\u015fkilat\u0131n, arabuluculuk faaliyetlerini d\u00fczenleme g\u00f6revinin yan\u0131nda, bu konuda kamuoyu olu\u015fturma yetkisi de vard\u0131r.[36] Ama\u00e7, uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k ve taraflar\u0131n tutumu konusunda kamuoyunun sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bilgi edinmesidir.\n\nKAYNAK\u00c7A<\/strong>\n\nAKY\u0130\u011e\u0130T <\/strong>Ercan; \u2018\u0130\u015f Hukuku\u2019, <\/em>Se\u00e7kin Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 5. Bas\u0131m, Ankara 2006.\n\n\u00c7UKUR <\/strong>M\u00fcrsel\/ KO\u00c7<\/strong> Muzaffer; \u2018\u00dcLKEM\u0130ZDE B\u0130REYSEL \u0130\u015e UYU\u015eMAZLIKLARININ \u00c7\u00d6Z\u00dcM\u00dcNDE \u00d6ZEL HAKEM<\/em>\u2019 (makale) , Eyl\u00fcl 2010, \u00c7imento \u0130\u015fveren Dergisi, s. 11, (Son eri\u015fim: 08.03.2012)\n\n\u00c7imento \u0130\u015fveren Dergisi, Ocak 1993, s. 17 ve Can Tuncay\u2019\u0131n incelemesi.\n\n\u00c7EL\u0130K <\/strong>Nuri; \u2018\u0130\u015e HUKUKU DERSLER\u0130\u2019, <\/em>Beta Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, Yenilenmi\u015f 18. Bas\u0131.\n\nG\u00dcNAY<\/strong> Cevdet \u0130lhan; \u2018\u0130\u015e HUKUKU ve SOSYAL G\u00dcVENL\u0130K HUKUKU DERSLER\u0130\u2019, <\/em>Yetkin Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 2.Bask\u0131, Ankara 2008.\n\n\u0130NCE <\/strong>Erg\u00fcn; \u2018Toplu \u0130\u015f Hukuku-A\u00e7\u0131klamal\u0131 Sendikalar ve Toplu \u0130\u015f S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi Grev ve Lokavt Yasalar\u0131,\u2019<\/em> \u0130stanbul 1983.\n\nKOCAO\u011eLU <\/strong>Mehmet; \u2018T\u00dcRK \u0130\u015e HUKUKUNDA ARABULUCULUK KURUMU\u2019 <\/em>T\u00fcrk A\u011f\u0131r Sanayii ve Hizmet Sekt\u00f6r\u00fc Kamu \u0130\u015fverenleri Sendikas\u0131 Yay\u0131n\u0131, No: 32, Ankara 1999.\n\nKUTAL <\/strong>Metin; \u2018T\u00dcRK TOPLU \u0130\u015e HUKUKUNDA BARI\u015e\u00c7I \u00c7\u00d6Z\u00dcM YOLLARI\u2019 <\/em>\u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi, \u0130ktisat fak\u00fcltesi Mecmuas\u0131, C. 43, Prof. Dr. S. F. \u00dclgener\u2019e Arma\u011fan, \u0130stanbul 1987, s. 300.\n\nO\u011eUZMAN <\/strong>Kemal; \u2018Hukuji Y\u00f6nden \u0130\u015f\u00e7i ve \u0130\u015fveren \u0130li\u015fkileri, Temel Bilgiler, <\/em>C.1, 3.Bas\u0131, Fak\u00fclteler Matbaas\u0131, \u0130stanbul 1984.\n\n\u00a0<\/strong>SUBA\u015eI <\/strong>\u0130brahim; \u2018TOPLU \u0130\u015e HUKUKUNDA ARABULUCULUK\u2019 <\/em>Prof. Dr. \u00dcnal TEK\u0130NALP\u2019e Arma\u011fan, Cilt II, Beta Yay\u0131nevi, (s. 743-833).\n\nSUR <\/strong>Melda; \u2018\u0130\u015e HUKUKU TOPLU \u0130L\u0130\u015eK\u0130LER\u2019,<\/em> Turha kitabevi, 4.Bas\u0131, Ankara 2011,\n\nTALAS <\/strong>Cahit; Sosyal Ekonomi, 4. Bas\u0131, Ankara 1976, s. 433. (Aktaran; \u0130\u015f Hukuku Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc, Tahkim ve \u00d6zel Hakem, \u0130\u015f ve \u0130nsan Kaynaklar\u0131 Hukuku Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc Derne\u011fi\u2019nin Yay\u0131n\u0131 09.09.2008\n\nTUNCAY<\/strong> Can; \u2018Sendikalara \u0130li\u015fkin Son Kanun Tasla\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Getirdikleri, Sicil, Mart 2011, S.21, s. 153. vd.<\/em>\n\nYAKUT <\/strong>Bahad\u0131r; \u2018Arabuluculu\u011fun Kanunla D\u00fczenlenmesi Bak\u0131m\u0131ndan Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri \u00d6rne\u011fi\u2019, <\/em>T\u00dcRK\u0130YE ADALET AKADEM\u0130S\u0130 DERG\u0130S\u0130 (TAAD), Nisan 2010, Say\u0131:1, s. 4.\n\n[1] TALAS <\/strong>Cahit; Sosyal Ekonomi, 4. Bas\u0131, Ankara 1976, s. 433. (Aktaran; \u0130\u015f Hukuku Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc, Tahkim ve \u00d6zel Hakem, \u0130\u015f ve \u0130nsan Kaynaklar\u0131 Hukuku Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc Derne\u011fi\u2019nin Yay\u0131n\u0131, 09 Eyl\u00fcl 2008, (Son eri\u015fim:11.04.2012)\n\n[2] \u0130\u015f Hukuku Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc, Tahkim, (Son eri\u015fim:15.04.2012)\n\n[3] AKY\u0130\u011e\u0130T <\/strong>Ercan; \u2018\u0130\u015f Hukuku\u2019, <\/em>Se\u00e7kin Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 5. Bas\u0131m, Ankara 2006, s. 502.\n\n[4] SUR <\/strong>Melda; \u2018\u0130\u015e HUKUKU TOPLU \u0130L\u0130\u015eK\u0130LER\u2019,<\/em> Turha kitabevi, 4.Bas\u0131, Ankara 2011, s. 373.\n\n[5]\u00c7UKUR <\/strong>M\u00fcrsel\/ KO\u00c7<\/strong> Muzaffer; \u2018\u00dcLKEM\u0130ZDE B\u0130REYSEL \u0130\u015e UYU\u015eMAZLIKLARININ \u00c7\u00d6Z\u00dcM\u00dcNDE \u00d6ZEL HAKEM<\/em>\u2019 (makale) , Eyl\u00fcl 2010, \u00c7imento \u0130\u015fveren Dergisi, s. 11, (Son eri\u015fim: 08.03.2012)\n\n[6] YAKUT <\/strong>Bahad\u0131r; \u2018Arabuluculu\u011fun Kanunla D\u00fczenlenmesi Bak\u0131m\u0131ndan Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri \u00d6rne\u011fi\u2019,<\/em>T\u00dcRK\u0130YE ADALET AKADEM\u0130S\u0130 DERG\u0130S\u0130 (TAAD), Nisan 2010, Say\u0131:1, s. 4.\n\n[7] 9.HD. 30.04.1992, 4808\/4881 E. \u00c7imento \u0130\u015fveren Dergisi, Ocak 1993, s. 17 ve Can Tuncay\u2019\u0131n incelemesi.\n\n[8] Bundan sonra 275 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasa olarak an\u0131lacakt\u0131r.\n\n[9] SUR; <\/strong>s. 376.\n\n[10] SUBA\u015eI <\/strong>\u0130brahim; \u2018TOPLU \u0130\u015e HUKUKUNDA ARABULUCULUK\u2019 <\/em>Prof. Dr. \u00dcnal TEK\u0130NALP\u2019e Arma\u011fan, Cilt II, Beta Yay\u0131nevi, (s. 743-833).\n\n[11] SUR; <\/strong>s. 377.\n\n[12] SUBA\u015eI, <\/strong>s. 8.\n\n[13] O\u011eUZMAN <\/strong>Kemal; \u2018Hukuki Y\u00f6nden \u0130\u015f\u00e7i ve \u0130\u015fveren \u0130li\u015fkileri, Temel Bilgiler, <\/em>C.1, 3.Bas\u0131, Fak\u00fclteler Matbaas\u0131, \u0130stanbul 1984, s. 118.\n\n[14] KOCAO\u011eLU <\/strong>Mehmet; \u2018T\u00dcRK \u0130\u015e HUKUKUNDA ARABULUCULUK KURUMU\u2019 <\/em>T\u00fcrk A\u011f\u0131r Sanayii ve Hizmet Sekt\u00f6r\u00fc Kamu \u0130\u015fverenleri Sendikas\u0131 Yay\u0131n\u0131, No: 32, Ankara 1999, s. 213.\n\n[15] G\u00f6revli makam; \u00a0i\u015fyeri toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi i\u00e7in i\u015fyerinin ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u015fletme toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi i\u00e7in i\u015fletme merkezinin bulundu\u011fu b\u00f6lge \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/strong>, birden fazla b\u00f6lge \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn yetki alan\u0131 alan\u0131na giren i\u015fyerlerini kapsayacak toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi i\u00e7in ise \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong>\n\n[16] \u0130NCE <\/strong>Erg\u00fcn; \u2018Toplu \u0130\u015f Hukuku-A\u00e7\u0131klamal\u0131 Sendikalar ve Toplu \u0130\u015f S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi Grev ve Lokavt Yasalar\u0131,\u2019<\/em> \u0130stanbul 1983, s. 189.\n\n[17] KUTAL, <\/strong>s. 5.\n\n[18] SUBA\u015eI; <\/strong>s.\n\n[19] SUR; <\/strong>s. 380.\n\n[20] KUTAL <\/strong>Metin; \u2018T\u00dcRK TOPLU \u0130\u015e HUKUKUNDA BARI\u015e\u00c7I \u00c7\u00d6Z\u00dcM YOLLARI\u2019 <\/em>\u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi, \u0130ktisat fak\u00fcltesi Mecmuas\u0131, C. 43, Prof. Dr. S. F. \u00dclgener\u2019e Arma\u011fan, \u0130stanbul 1987, s. 300.\n\n[21] SUBA\u015eI; s. 8.\n\n[22] SUR; s. 382.\n\n[23] \u00c7EL\u0130K<\/strong> Nuri; \u2018\u0130\u015e HUKUKU DERSLER\u0130\u2019, <\/em>Beta Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, Yenilenmi\u015f 18. Bas\u0131. s. 573.\n\n[24] KOCAO\u011eLU; <\/strong>s. 253.\n\n[25] \u00c7EL\u0130K<\/strong>; s. 574.\n\n[26] G\u00dcNAY<\/strong> Cevdet \u0130lhan; \u2018\u0130\u015e HUKUKU ve SOSYAL G\u00dcVENL\u0130K HUKUKU DERSLER\u0130\u2019, <\/em>Yetkin Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 2.Bask\u0131, Ankara 2008. s. 324.\n\n[27] TUNCAY<\/strong> Can; \u2018Sendikalara \u0130li\u015fkin Son Kanun Tasla\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Getirdikleri, Sicil, Mart 2011, S.21, s. 153. vd.<\/em>\n\n[28] SUR<\/strong>; s. 384.\n\n[29] SUR; <\/strong>s. 384.\n\n[30] AKY\u0130\u011e\u0130T<\/strong>; s. 504.\n\n[31] \u00c7EL\u0130K;<\/strong> s. 579.\n\n[32] SUR<\/strong>; s. 387.\n\n[33] KOCAO\u011eLU; <\/strong>s. 270.\n\n[34] KOCAO\u011eLU; <\/strong>s. 271.\n\n[35] \u00c7EL\u0130K<\/strong>; s. 576.\n\n[36] SUBA\u015eI<\/strong>; s.","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"G\u0130R\u0130\u015e \u00a0\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131n konusu olan arabuluculuk sisteminin \u00f6zelliklerini ne oldu\u011funu, ne zaman devreye girdi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klamadan \u00f6nce, uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ne oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131p \u00e7e\u015fitlerine de\u011findim. 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