{"id":2776,"date":"2017-03-11T01:33:33","date_gmt":"2017-03-10T22:33:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.celikavukatlik.com.tr\/?p=2776"},"modified":"2017-03-11T01:33:33","modified_gmt":"2017-03-10T22:33:33","slug":"sendikal-hak-ve-borclar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/celikavukatlik.com\/tr\/sendikal-hak-ve-borclar\/","title":{"rendered":"Sendikal Hak ve Bor\u00e7lar"},"content":{"rendered":"<strong>G\u0130R\u0130\u015e<\/strong>\n\nSendika \u00fcyeli\u011finin \u00f6zellikle i\u015f\u00e7iler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015f\u00fcphesizdir. Hukukumuzda, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin, sendikan\u0131n faaliyetlerinden ve toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinden en geni\u015f \u015fekilde faydalanmalar\u0131 \u00fcyelikle m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.\n\nSendikalar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde, sendikalar\u0131n hem kendi aralar\u0131ndaki rekabeti hem de i\u015fverenle pazarl\u0131k \u015fans\u0131n\u0131 belirleyen etken \u00fcye say\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. \u00dcyelerden tahsil edilen aidatlar sendikan\u0131n ekonomik g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc y\u00fckseltmekte ve \u00fcye say\u0131s\u0131 toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi d\u00fczenlenmesinde esas al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r.\n\n\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmamda sendika \u00fcyeli\u011fini, sendika \u00fcyeli\u011finden kaynaklanan hak ve bor\u00e7lar\u0131 ve sendika \u00fcyeli\u011finin sona ermesi konular\u0131n\u0131 2821 say\u0131l\u0131 Sendikalar Kanunu\u2019nun 20-25\u2019nci maddelerinde yer alan h\u00fck\u00fcmlere ve 4688 say\u0131l\u0131 Kamu G\u00f6revlileri Sendikalar\u0131 Kanun ile Toplu \u0130\u015f \u0130li\u015fkileri Kanunu Tasar\u0131s\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda incelemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131m.\n\n<strong>I. SEND\u0130KA \u00dcYEL\u0130\u011e\u0130N\u0130N KAZANILMASI<\/strong>\n<ol>\n \t<li><strong>GENEL OLARAK<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n2821 Say\u0131l\u0131 Sendikalar Kanunu\u2019nun 22\u2019nci maddesi uyar\u0131nca sendikaya \u00fcye olup olmamak tamamen serbesttir ve hi\u00e7 kimse sendikaya \u00fcye olmaya veya olmamaya zorlanamaz.\n\nSendika \u00fcyeli\u011finin, i\u015f\u00e7i ile sendika aras\u0131nda hem ama\u00e7 birli\u011fi do\u011furdu\u011fu hem de her iki tarafa hak ve bor\u00e7lar y\u00fckledi\u011fi i\u00e7in, Ki\u015filer Hukuku ve Malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Hukukuna \u00f6zg\u00fc \u00e7ifte karakterli s\u00fcrekli bir hukuki ili\u015fki oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir[1].\n\nSendika \u00fcyeli\u011finin kazan\u0131labilmesi, sendika kurucular\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer almak yahut kurulu bir sendikaya ba\u015fvurmak suretiyle m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n kalan k\u0131sm\u0131nda, sendikaya ba\u015fvurmak ve sendika t\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde belirlenen organ\u0131n kabul\u00fc ile \u00fcyelik konusu de\u011ferlendirilecek, sendika kurucular\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer almak ile \u00fcyeli\u011fin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi hususuna de\u011finilmeyecektir.\n\n<strong>B. \u0130\u015e\u00c7\u0130 SEND\u0130KASI \u00dcYEL\u0130\u011e\u0130N\u0130N \u015eARTLARI<\/strong>\n\nSendika \u00fcyesi olabilmek i\u00e7in aranan ko\u015fullar 2821 Say\u0131l\u0131 Sendikalar Kanunu\u2019nun 20, 21 ve 22\u2019nci maddelerinde belirtilmi\u015ftir. Sendikaya \u00fcye olabilmek i\u00e7in, Sendikalar Kanunu\u2019na g\u00f6re i\u015f\u00e7i say\u0131lmak, onalt\u0131 ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 tamamlam\u0131\u015f olmak ve usul\u00fcne uygun \u015fekilde ba\u015fvuruda bulunmak gerekmektedir.\n\n<strong>1. Sendikalar Kanunu Anlam\u0131nda \u0130\u015f\u00e7i Olmak<\/strong>\n\nSendikalar Kanunu\u2019nun 2\u2019nci maddesi i\u015f\u00e7iyi \u201chizmet akdine dayanarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu \u015fekliyle kanun, i\u015f\u00e7i kavram\u0131n\u0131n kapsam\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok geni\u015f tutmu\u015f, i\u015f kanunlar\u0131 ve Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu anlam\u0131nda i\u015f\u00e7i say\u0131l\u0131p say\u0131lmaman\u0131n sendika \u00fcyeli\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulam\u0131\u015f[2], hizmet akdine dayanarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 esas alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 maddenin devam\u0131nda \u201c Hizmet akdine dayanarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir kimsenin T.C. Emekli Sand\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kanununa tabi olmas\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7i say\u0131lmas\u0131na engel te\u015fkil etmez\u201d demekle ki\u015finin i\u015f\u00e7i say\u0131lmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan sosyal sigorta kurulu\u015fu ile ba\u011f\u0131n\u0131n olmas\u0131n\u0131n fark yaratmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015ftir. 4857 Say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Kanunu kapsam\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda olan pilot, hostes ve sporcular yine Sendikalar Kanunu kapsam\u0131nda i\u015f\u00e7i say\u0131lmakta ve sendikalara \u00fcye olabilmektedir.\n\nSendikalar Kanunu\u2019nun 2\u2019nci maddesi, hizmet akdine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayan ve i\u015f\u00e7i say\u0131lmayan ancak eme\u011fi ile ge\u00e7imini sa\u011flayan baz\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan kesimlere de sendika kurmak ve sendikalara \u00fcye olmak hakk\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bahsi ge\u00e7en \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar s\u0131ras\u0131 ile; serbest hamallar, serbest yazarlar ve eme\u011fi ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan adi \u015firket ortaklar\u0131d\u0131r[3].\n\n31.01.2012 tarihinde TBMM Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019na g\u00f6nderilen Toplu \u0130\u015f \u0130li\u015fkileri Kanunu Tasar\u0131s\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 2\u2019nci maddesi \u201cBu Kanunun uygulanmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan i\u015f\u00e7i, i\u015fveren ve i\u015fyeri kavramlar\u0131 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Kanununda tan\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibidir.\u201d demekle i\u015f kanunlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda terim birli\u011fi sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f olmaktad\u0131r. <strong><em>\u201cHer ne kadar maddede sadece \u0130\u015f Kanununa yollama yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ise de bu kanunda belirtilen tan\u0131mlar\u0131n \u0130\u015f Kanunuyla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmaks\u0131z\u0131n genel olarak ifade edilmi\u015f olmas\u0131 nedeniyle di\u011fer i\u015f kanunlar\u0131na ve Bor\u00e7lar Kanununa t\u00e2bi olan i\u015f\u00e7i ve i\u015fverenler de Taslak kapsam\u0131nda olacakt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca bu h\u00fck\u00fcm \u0130\u015fK.nun kapsam\u0131na girmeyen (md. 4) hostesler, sporcular, tar\u0131m i\u015f\u00e7ileri gibi ki\u015filerin de sendika \u00fcyeli\u011fine engel olu\u015fturmayacakt\u0131r.[4]\u201d<\/em><\/strong>\n\n<strong>2. <\/strong><strong>Onalt\u0131 Ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 Tamamlam\u0131\u015f Olmak<\/strong>\n\nSendikalar Kanunu\u2019nun 20\u2019nci maddesine g\u00f6re sendikalara \u00fcye olabilmek i\u00e7in i\u015f\u00e7inin onalt\u0131 ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 doldurmu\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekmekte, onalt\u0131 ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 doldurmam\u0131\u015f olanlar ise ancak kanuni temsilcilerinin yaz\u0131l\u0131 izni ile \u00fcye olabilmektedir. Sendikalar Kanunu\u2019nun 14\u2019nc\u00fc maddesinin son f\u0131kras\u0131, onalt\u0131 ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 doldurmam\u0131\u015f olan \u00fcyelerin genel kurulda oy kullanamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve delege olamayacaklar\u0131n\u0131 h\u00fckme ba\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\n\n4857 Say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun 71\u2019nci maddesi k\u0131yasen uygulanarak, sendikaya \u00fcye olmak i\u00e7in gereken asgari ya\u015f s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n ise onbe\u015f oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenmektedir. Sendikaya \u00fcye olma hukuki bir i\u015flem oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, \u00fcye olacak ki\u015finin onbe\u015f ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 doldurmu\u015f olmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda fiil ehliyetine de sahip olmas\u0131 gerekir[5].\n\nToplu \u0130\u015f \u0130li\u015fkileri Tasar\u0131s\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 17\u2019nci maddesi, sendikaya \u00fcye olabilme ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 onbe\u015f olarak belirlemi\u015ftir. Tasar\u0131n\u0131n \u201cGenel Kurulda Yap\u0131lacak Se\u00e7imlerde Uyulacak Esaslar\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 14\u2019nc\u00fc maddesi, y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte olan kanunun ayn\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenen \u201conalt\u0131 ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 doldurmam\u0131\u015f olan \u00fcyeler genel kurullarda oy kullanamaz ve delege olamazlar\u201d h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fc bar\u0131nd\u0131rmamaktad\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece oy kullanmak ve delege olabilmek i\u00e7in art\u0131k onbe\u015f ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 doldurmu\u015f olmak yeterlidir.\n\n<strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 3. Sendikaya Ba\u015fvurmak<\/strong>\n\nSendika ve benzeri t\u00fczel ki\u015filere \u00fcye olabilmek i\u00e7in, \u00fcye olmak isteyen ki\u015fi kural olarak sendikaya yaz\u0131l\u0131 olarak ba\u015fvuruda bulunmal\u0131d\u0131r. Sendikalar Kanunu, toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesindeki yetki uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 en aza indirmek amac\u0131yla i\u015f\u00e7i sendikas\u0131 \u00fcyeli\u011fini birtak\u0131m formalitelere ba\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r[6].\n\nSendikaya \u00fcye olmak isteyen ki\u015finin \u00fcyelik ko\u015fullar\u0131na sahip olmas\u0131 halinde, sendikaya ba\u015fvurmas\u0131 ve sendika yetkili organ\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fvuruyu kabul etmesi gerekmektedir.\n\n<strong>i. Ba\u015fvuru:<\/strong>\n\n\u0130\u015f\u00e7i sendikas\u0131na ba\u015fvuru Sendikalar Kanunu\u2019nun 22\u2019nci maddesi gere\u011fi mutlaka noter kanal\u0131 ile olmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i be\u015f n\u00fcsha olarak doldurup imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve notere tasdik ettirdi\u011fi \u00fcye kay\u0131t fi\u015fini sendikaya vermelidir. Kanunun noter \u015fart\u0131 aramas\u0131n\u0131n sebebi \u00f6nceki d\u00f6nemlerde g\u00f6r\u00fclen sahtecilik iddialar\u0131 ve yetkili sendikan\u0131n tespitinde ya\u015fanan uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mektir[7].\n\nNoter arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile yap\u0131lan i\u015flemlerde masraf al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n sendikalara \u00fcye olmak isteyen i\u015f\u00e7iler i\u00e7in zorluk te\u015fkil etti\u011finden, yasa koyucu, noterde yap\u0131lan bu i\u015flemleri her \u00e7e\u015fit vergi, resim ve har\u00e7tan muaf tutmu\u015f, noterin kendi alaca\u011f\u0131 \u00fccretin ise %50 indirimli oldu\u011funu h\u00fckme ba\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r[8]. Toplu \u0130\u015f \u0130li\u015fkileri Tasla\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 17\u2019nci maddesi \u201cSendikaya \u00fcyelik, Bakanl\u0131k\u00e7a sa\u011flanacak elektronik ba\u015fvuru sistemine e-Devlet kap\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczerinden \u00fcyelik ba\u015fvurusunda bulunmas\u0131 ve sendika t\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde belirlenen yetkili organ\u0131n kabul\u00fc ile e-Devlet kap\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczerinden kazan\u0131l\u0131r\u201d h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fc getirerek noter \u015fart\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Taslakta yer alan bu h\u00fckm\u00fcn sahtecilik iddialar\u0131n\u0131 tekrar g\u00fcndeme getirmesi riski tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r[9].\n\nSendikalar Kanunu\u2019nun 22\u2019nci maddesi[10] \u201c \u0130\u015f\u00e7i veya i\u015fverenler ayn\u0131 zamanda ve ayn\u0131 i\u015fkolunda birden \u00e7ok sendikaya \u00fcye olamazlar. Birden \u00e7ok sendikaya \u00fcye olunmas\u0131 halinde, sonraki \u00fcyelikler ge\u00e7ersizdir.\u201d h\u00fckm\u00fc ile Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 51\u2019nci maddesinde yer alan \u201cayn\u0131 zamanda ve ayn\u0131 i\u015fkolunda birden fazla sendikaya \u00fcye olunamaz\u201d d\u00fczenlemesini kar\u015f\u0131lamaktayd\u0131. 2010 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lan de\u011fi\u015fiklik ile Anayasa\u2019da yer alan ilgili h\u00fck\u00fcm kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sendikalar Kanunu\u2019nda yer alan bu h\u00fck\u00fcm <strong>\u201cayn\u0131 i\u015fkolunda\u201d <\/strong>birden \u00e7ok sendika \u00fcyeli\u011fini yasaklamakta, farkl\u0131 i\u015fkollar\u0131nda k\u0131smi s\u00fcrelerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015f\u00e7inin birden \u00e7ok sendikaya \u00fcye olabilmesini engellememektedir[11]. Sendikalar Kanunu\u2019nun 22\u2019nci maddesinin a\u00e7\u0131k h\u00fckm\u00fc do\u011frultusunda ayn\u0131 zamanda ve ayn\u0131 i\u015fkolunda birden \u00e7ok sendikaya \u00fcye olunmas\u0131 halinde sonraki \u00fcyeliklerin ge\u00e7ersiz oldu\u011fu, ilk \u00fcyeli\u011fin esas al\u0131naca\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir.\n\n<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>\n\n<strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ii. Talebin Yetkili Organ Taraf\u0131ndan Kabul Edilmesi:<\/strong>\n\nSendikalarda \u00fcyeli\u011fe kabul serbestisi vard\u0131r. B\u00f6ylelikle kural olarak sendikalar, \u00fcye olmak i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan ba\u015fvurular\u0131 kabul edip etmemekte serbesttir. \u0130\u015f\u00e7inin \u00fcyelik ba\u015fvurusunun, sendikan\u0131n yetkili organ\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan kabul edilmesi halinde \u00fcyelik ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f olur.\n\nSendikalar\u0131n \u00fcyeli\u011fe kabul serbestisi, Sendikalar Kanunu\u2019nun 22\u2019nci maddesi uyar\u0131nca<strong> \u201c Hakl\u0131 bir sebep g\u00f6sterilmeden \u00fcyeli\u011fe kabul edilmeyen i\u015f\u00e7inin, bu karar\u0131n kendisine tebli\u011finden itibaren otuz g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde i\u015f davalar\u0131na bakmakla g\u00f6revli mahalli mahkemede dava a\u00e7mak hakk\u0131 vard\u0131r. Mahkemenin karar\u0131 kesindir.\u201d<\/strong>s\u0131n\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu d\u00fczenleme ile \u00fcyeli\u011fe kabul serbestisinin keyfi bir \u015fekilde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6nlenmek istenmi\u015f ve bir bak\u0131ma i\u015f\u00e7inin sendika kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda korunmas\u0131 ama\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r[12]. Yine ayn\u0131 maddede<strong> \u201c\u00dcyelik ba\u015fvurusu, sendika taraf\u0131ndan en \u00e7ok otuz g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde reddedilmedi\u011fi takdirde \u00fcyelik istemi kabul edilmi\u015f say\u0131l\u0131r\u201d <\/strong>h\u00fckm\u00fc ile sendikalar\u0131n, \u00fcyelik i\u00e7in ba\u015fvuran i\u015f\u00e7ilerin ba\u015fvurular\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcncemede b\u0131rakmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemi\u015ftir.\n\nEski 274 say\u0131l\u0131 Sendikalar Kanunu d\u00f6neminde, \u00fcyelik yetkili organ\u0131n kabul\u00fcne ba\u011fl\u0131yd\u0131. \u00dcyelik ba\u015fvurusunun reddi halinde, ret karar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 yarg\u0131 yoluna ba\u015fvurulmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6ren bir madde ise bulunmamaktayd\u0131. D\u00f6nemin T\u00fcrkiye \u0130\u015f\u00e7i Partisi Anayasa Mahkemesinde a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 davada<strong> \u201cbir i\u015f\u00e7inin sendika \u00fcyesi olabilmesi i\u00e7in sendikan\u0131n yetkili organ\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcyelik iste\u011fini kabul etmesi ko\u015fulu \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr ki bu ko\u015ful Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu kuralla i\u015f\u00e7inin sendikaya serbest\u00e7e girme yetkisi elinden al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sendikada \u00fcye olmay\u0131 engellemeyecek herhangi bir nedenle \u00f6rne\u011fin \u00fcye olmak iste\u011finin yetkili organdaki \u00fcyelerin ho\u015funa gitmemesi veya \u00fcye olmak iste\u011finin kendileriyle yar\u0131\u015fmaya girece\u011fini ummalar\u0131 nedeniyle inan\u00e7l\u0131 ve bilgili bir i\u015f\u00e7iyi sendika \u00fcyeli\u011finden yoksun b\u0131rakmalar\u0131 saplanm\u0131\u015f olacakt\u0131r. Anayasa 46 nc\u0131 maddesinde serbest\u00e7e \u00fcye olma hakk\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131m\u0131\u015f, buna bir s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rma koymam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu nedenlerle metindeki (ve meslek\u00ee te\u015fekk\u00fcl\u00fcn yetkili organ\u0131n\u0131n kabul\u00fc) deyiminin iptali gerekir\u201d<\/strong> a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 ile ilgili h\u00fckm\u00fcn iptalini talep etmi\u015f ve ilgili h\u00fck\u00fcm oybirli\u011fi ile iptal edilmi\u015ftir[13].<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>\n\n\u00dcyelik talebinde bulunan i\u015f\u00e7inin, talebi otuz g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde reddedilmedi\u011fi takdirde art\u0131k \u00fcye olmu\u015f say\u0131lacakt\u0131r. \u00dcyelik talebinin reddedilmesi halinde i\u015f\u00e7inin, ret karar\u0131n\u0131n kendisine tebli\u011f edildi\u011fi tarihten itibaren otuz g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde i\u015f mahkemesinde dava a\u00e7mas\u0131 gerekir. Mahkemenin verece\u011fi karar kesindir ve temyiz edilemez. Otuz g\u00fcnl\u00fck s\u00fcre hak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc niteliktedir[14].\n\nHakl\u0131 bir sebebin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 halinde, \u00f6rne\u011fin, i\u015f\u00e7inin ayn\u0131 i\u015fkolunda ba\u015fka bir sendikaya \u00fcye olu\u015fu, ba\u015fka i\u015fkolunda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, i\u015f\u00e7i olmamas\u0131, sendikaya kar\u015f\u0131 hasmane tutum sergilemesi durumunda \u00fcyelik ba\u015fvurusu reddedilir. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k sendikaya \u00fcye olmas\u0131 halinde ileride y\u00f6netime rakip olabilece\u011fi endi\u015fesi hakl\u0131 bir sebep de\u011fildir. Cins, aile, \u0131rk, din, mezhep, inan\u00e7, siyasi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceye dayal\u0131 sebepler ile ret m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil ve ayn\u0131 zamanda Anayasa h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine de ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r[15].\n\n<strong>iii. \u00dcye Kay\u0131t Fi\u015flerinin \u0130lgili Makamlara G\u00f6nderilmesi:<\/strong>\n\nSendikalar Kanunu\u2019nun 22\u2019nci maddesine g\u00f6re \u201c\u00dcyeli\u011fi kesinle\u015fen i\u015f\u00e7inin \u00fcye kay\u0131t fi\u015finin birer n\u00fcshas\u0131n\u0131n sendikaca onbe\u015f g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ve Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve i\u015f\u00e7inin \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fyerinin ba\u011fl\u0131 bulundu\u011fu B\u00f6lge M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne g\u00f6nderilmesi zorunludur. \u00dcye kay\u0131t fi\u015finin bir n\u00fcshas\u0131 da i\u015f\u00e7inin kendisine verilir.\u201d \u00a025.05.1988 Tarih ve 3449 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun ile yap\u0131lan de\u011fi\u015fiklikten \u00f6nce, \u00fcye kay\u0131t fi\u015finin bir n\u00fcshas\u0131n\u0131n ayn\u0131 zamanda i\u015fverene de g\u00f6nderilmesi zorunluydu. \u00d6nceki uygulama, i\u015fverene, sendikaya \u00fcye oldu\u011funu \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fi i\u015f\u00e7inin i\u015fine son verme imk\u00e2n\u0131 tan\u0131maktayd\u0131[16].\n\n\u00dcyeli\u011fin kazan\u0131lmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, sendikan\u0131n bildirimde bulunmas\u0131 zorunlulu\u011fu yoktur. Bildirim yetkili sendikan\u0131n tespiti hususunda \u00f6nem kazanmaktad\u0131r ve idari bir sorunluluk oldu\u011fundan yap\u0131lmamas\u0131 halinde Sendikalar Kanunu\u2019nun 59\u2019ncu maddesi uyar\u0131nca idari para cezas\u0131na h\u00fckmedilir.\n\n<strong>C. \u0130\u015eVEREN SEND\u0130KASI \u00dcYEL\u0130\u011e\u0130N\u0130N \u015eARTLARI<\/strong>\n\n\u0130\u015fveren sendikalar\u0131 ile ilgili \u00f6zel bir d\u00fczenleme mevcut de\u011fildir. Kanun, i\u015fveren sendikalar\u0131 ile ilgili \u00f6zel d\u00fczenlemeleri istisnai olarak yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve bu d\u00fczenlemeler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Sendikalar Kanunu \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde genel h\u00fck\u00fcmlere tabi tutmu\u015ftur.\n\n\u0130\u015fveren sendikas\u0131na \u00fcye olabilmek i\u00e7in Sendikalar Kanunu anlam\u0131nda i\u015fveren say\u0131lmak gerekir. Sendikalar Kanunu i\u015fvereni<strong> \u201c \u0130\u015f\u00e7i say\u0131lan kimseleri \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran ger\u00e7ek veya t\u00fczel ki\u015fiye ve t\u00fczel ki\u015fili\u011fi olmayan kamu kurulu\u015flar\u0131na denir. Bir adi \u015firkette fiziki veya fikri emek arz\u0131 suretiyle ortak olanlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki ortaklar da i\u015fveren say\u0131l\u0131r.\u201d <\/strong>\u015feklinde tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yine Kanun,<strong> \u201c\u0130\u015fveren vekilleri bu kanun kapsam\u0131nda i\u015fveren say\u0131l\u0131rlar\u2026 \u0130\u015fveren vekili: i\u015fveren say\u0131lan ger\u00e7ek ve t\u00fczel ki\u015filer ve t\u00fczel ki\u015fili\u011fi olmayan kamu kurulu\u015flar\u0131 ad\u0131na i\u015fletmenin b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc sevk ve idareye yetkili olanlar\u2026\u201d <\/strong>d\u00fczenlemesi ile i\u015fveren vekillerini de i\u015fveren olarak kabul etmi\u015ftir.\n\n\u0130\u015fveren ya da i\u015fveren vekilleri ilgili i\u015fkolunda kurulu bir sendikaya \u00fcye olabilirler. Ayn\u0131 anda ve ayn\u0131 i\u015fkolunda birden \u00e7ok \u00fcyelik ile ilgili yasaklar ve h\u00fck\u00fcmler i\u015fveren ve i\u015fveren vekilleri i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erlidir.\n\n\u0130\u015fveren sendikas\u0131na \u00fcyeli\u011fin, \u0130\u015f\u00e7i sendikas\u0131na \u00fcyelikten temel fark\u0131, Sendikalar Kanunu\u2019nun 22\u2019nci maddesinin son f\u0131kras\u0131nda<strong> \u201c \u0130\u015fveren sendikas\u0131 \u00fcyeli\u011fi, \u00fc\u00e7 n\u00fcsha \u00fcye kay\u0131t fi\u015finin doldurulup imzalanmas\u0131 ve sendikaya verilmesi ve sendika t\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde belirlenen yetkili organ\u0131n kabul\u00fc ile kazan\u0131l\u0131r\u2026\u201d <\/strong>\u015feklinde yer alan d\u00fczenleme ile notere ba\u015fvuru ve noter onay\u0131n\u0131n aranmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r.\n\n<strong>D. \u00dcYE OLMAYA ENGEL HALLER<\/strong>\n\nSendikalar Kanunu\u2019nun 21\u2019nci maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen <strong>\u201c\u0130\u015f\u00e7i ve i\u015fveren sendikalar\u0131na; Askeri \u015fah\u0131slar ( Milli Savunma Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile Jandarma Genel Komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 i\u015fyerlerinde bu Kanun anlam\u0131nda i\u015f\u00e7i olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar hari\u00e7 ) \u00fcye olamaz ve sendika kuramazlar.\u201d<\/strong> h\u00fckm\u00fc ile askeri \u015fah\u0131slar\u0131n sendikalara \u00fcye olamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve sendika kuramayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015ftir[17].\n\n<strong>E. KAMU G\u00d6REVL\u0130LER\u0130 SEND\u0130KASI \u00dcYEL\u0130\u011e\u0130<\/strong>\n\nSendika hakk\u0131, kamu g\u00f6revlilerini de kapsayacak bir bi\u00e7imde Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 51\u2019nci maddesinde tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kamu G\u00f6revlileri Sendikalar\u0131 Kanunu\u2019na ( KGSK ) g\u00f6re kamu g\u00f6revlisi say\u0131lan kimseler[18] kamu g\u00f6revlileri sendikalar\u0131na \u00fcye olabilirler. KGSK kamu g\u00f6revlileri sendikalar\u0131na \u00fcye olamayacak ki\u015fileri 15\u2019nci maddesinde sayma suretiyle belirlemi\u015ftir.\n\nKGSK kapsam\u0131nda kamu g\u00f6revlisi say\u0131lanlar ve yasak kapsam\u0131nda olmayanlar, kamu g\u00f6revlileri sendikalar\u0131na \u00fcye olabileceklerdir.\n\nKamu g\u00f6revlileri, sendikaya \u00fcye olmak i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 i\u015fyerinin girdi\u011fi i\u015fkolunda kurulu sendikadan temin edece\u011fi \u00fcye formunu \u00fc\u00e7 n\u00fcsha olarak doldurup imzalayarak ba\u015fvuruda bulunacakt\u0131r. Ba\u015fvuru, sendika yetkili organ\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan de\u011ferlendirilerek ya ret karar\u0131 verilecek ya da kabul edilecektir. 2821 say\u0131l\u0131 Sendikalar Kanunu\u2019nda \u00fcyeli\u011fe kabul serbestisini s\u0131n\u0131rlayan ve keyfi i\u015flemlere engel olan h\u00fck\u00fcmlere, KGSK\u2019nda da aynen yer verilmi\u015ftir[19]. \u00dcyeli\u011fi kesinle\u015fen kamu g\u00f6revlisine \u00fcyelik ba\u015fvuru belgesinin bir n\u00fcshas\u0131 verilir, di\u011fer n\u00fcsha \u00fcyenin i\u015fverenine g\u00f6nderilir ve son n\u00fcsha sendikada kal\u0131r[20].\n\n<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>\n\n<strong>II. \u00dcYEL\u0130KTEN DO\u011eAN HAK VE BOR\u00c7LAR<\/strong>\n\n<strong>A. \u00dcYEL\u0130K HAKLARI<\/strong>\n\n\u00dcyelerin haklar\u0131, \u201cSendikan\u0131n Faaliyet ve Y\u00f6netimine Kat\u0131lma Hakk\u0131\u201d, \u201cSendikan\u0131n Tesis ve Faaliyetlerinden Yararlanma Hakk\u0131\u201d ve \u201cE\u015fit Davran\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 Talep Etme Hakk\u0131\u201d olmak \u00fczere \u00fc\u00e7 ba\u015fl\u0131kta incelenecektir.\n\n<strong>1. Sendikan\u0131n Faaliyet ve Y\u00f6netimine Kat\u0131lma Hakk\u0131<\/strong>\n\nSendikalar Kanunu\u2019nun 13\u2019nc\u00fc maddesinin 3\u2019nc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131<strong> \u201cDelegelerin veya \u00fcyelerin genel kurula kat\u0131lmalar\u0131 ve oy kullanmalar\u0131 engellenemez.\u201d <\/strong>h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fc d\u00fczenlemekte ve ayn\u0131 kanunun 10\u2019uncu maddesinin son f\u0131kras\u0131<strong> \u201cSendika t\u00fcz\u00fcklerine delege se\u00e7ilebilmeyi engelleyici h\u00fck\u00fcmler konamaz\u201d <\/strong>h\u00fckm\u00fc ile sendika \u00fcyelerinin oy kullanma ve genel kurula kat\u0131lma hakk\u0131 g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yine ayn\u0131 kanunun 12\u2019nci maddesi uyar\u0131nca <strong>\u201c Ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc genel kurul, y\u00f6netim kurulu veya denetleme kurulunun gerekli g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc hallerde yahut genel kurul \u00fcye veya delegelerinin be\u015fte birinin yaz\u0131l\u0131 iste\u011fi \u00fczerine toplan\u0131r\u201d<\/strong>\n\n<strong>2. Sendikan\u0131n Tesis ve Faaliyetlerinden Yararlanma Hakk\u0131<\/strong>\n\n\u00dcyeler, sendikan\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131k, spor, lokal gibi tesislerinden ve tertip edilen kurs ve seminer gibi faaliyetlerden yararlanabilirler. Sendika ve konfederasyonlar, faaliyetlerinden yararland\u0131rmada \u00fcyeleri aras\u0131nda e\u015fitli\u011fe uymak zorundad\u0131rlar<strong>.<\/strong>\n\n<strong>3. E\u015fit Davran\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 Talep Etme Hakk\u0131<\/strong>\n\nSendikalar Kanunu\u2019nun 33\u2019nc\u00fc maddesinin son f\u0131kras\u0131 uyar\u0131nca<strong> \u201cSendika ve konfederasyonlar faaliyetlerinden yararland\u0131rmada, \u00fcyeleri aras\u0131nda e\u015fitli\u011fe uymak zorundad\u0131rlar.\u201d <\/strong>Ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00fcyelerin, sendika y\u00f6netiminden mevzuat, s\u00f6zle\u015fme ve t\u00fcz\u00fckte \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen ilke ve kurallara uyulmas\u0131n\u0131 isteme hakk\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda yasa, s\u00f6zle\u015fme ve t\u00fcz\u00fck h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f sendika kararlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 iptal davas\u0131 a\u00e7ma hakk\u0131 vard\u0131r[21].\n\n<strong>B. \u00dcYEL\u0130K BOR\u00c7LARI<\/strong>\n\n<strong>1. Aidat \u00d6deme Borcu<\/strong>\n\nSendika \u00fcyelerinin en temel borcu \u015f\u00fcphesiz aidat \u00f6deme borcudur. Sendikalar Kanunu\u2019nun 7\u2019nci maddesi uyar\u0131nca \u00fcye aidatlar\u0131n\u0131n tespit \u015fekil ve usul\u00fcn\u00fc ve yine ayn\u0131 kanunun 23\u2019nc\u00fc maddesi uyar\u0131nca \u00fcyelik aidat miktar\u0131n\u0131 t\u00fcz\u00fcklerinde belirtirler[22]. Aidat \u00f6deme borcu sadece faaliyeti devam eden sendikalar i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erlidir, \u00fcyelerin, faaliyeti durdurulmu\u015f olan sendikalara bu halin devam\u0131 s\u00fcresince aidat \u00f6deme borcu yoktur. \u00dcyelik aidat\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7inin bir g\u00fcnl\u00fck \u00e7\u0131plak \u00fccretinden fazla olamaz. \u0130\u015fveren sendikalar\u0131 i\u00e7in ise i\u015fverenin \u00f6deyece\u011fi aidat, i\u015fyerinde i\u015f\u00e7ilere \u00f6dedi\u011fi bir g\u00fcnl\u00fck \u00e7\u0131plak \u00fccret toplam\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7emez. Aidat \u201c\u00e7\u0131plak \u00fccret\u201d olarak belirlendi\u011fi i\u00e7in, hesaplama yap\u0131l\u0131rken ikramiye, yemek \u00fccreti, prim ve benzeri \u00fccret ekleri dikkate al\u0131nmaz[23].\n\nSendikalar \u00fcyelerinden \u00fcyelik aidat\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ba\u015fkaca bir aidat alamazlar. Yani t\u00fcz\u00fcklerine koyacaklar\u0131 \u201cgiri\u015f aidat\u0131\u201d, \u201cgrev dayan\u0131\u015fma fonu\u201d gibi bir h\u00fck\u00fcm yahut toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinde d\u00fczenleyecekleri bir madde ile \u00fcyelerden aidat al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayamazlar[24]. Yarg\u0131tay, verdi\u011fi bir karar\u0131nda \u00fccretten spor kesintisi yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6ren toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fc yasaya ayk\u0131r\u0131 bulmu\u015ftur[25]Bunlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olarak yap\u0131lan ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar ve tatil, konser ve benzeri faaliyetler kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda al\u0131nan bedeller yasak kapsam\u0131nda de\u011fildir.\n\nAidatlar\u0131n \u00f6denme sistemine ili\u015fkin iki yolun varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan s\u00f6z edilebilir. \u00dcye, aidat\u0131n\u0131 ya kendisi \u00f6deyecek ya da aidatlar i\u015fveren taraf\u0131ndan i\u015f\u00e7inin \u00fccretinden kesilerek sendikaya \u00f6denecektir. \u00dcye ve dayan\u0131\u015fma aidat\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fveren taraf\u0131ndan i\u015f\u00e7inin \u00fccretinden kesilip sendikaya \u00f6denmesi sistemine<strong> \u201ckaynaktan kesme\u201d <\/strong>yahut <strong>\u201ccheck-off\u201d<\/strong>denmekte ve bu sistem Sendikalar Kanunu\u2019nun 61\u2019nci maddesinde d\u00fczenlenmektedir[26]. Check-off sisteminden sadece i\u015fyerinde uygulanan toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesine taraf sendika yararlanabilir. Ancak toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi hen\u00fcz yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f ya da sona ermi\u015fse, yetki belgesi alan sendika da bu kesintiyi talep edebilir[27]. Her iki durumda da check-off sisteminin uygulanabilmesi i\u00e7in ilgili sendikan\u0131n i\u015fverene yaz\u0131l\u0131 talepte bulunmas\u0131 ve \u00fcye i\u015f\u00e7i listesini vermesi gerekir. Toplu \u0130\u015f \u0130li\u015fkileri Kanunu Tasar\u0131s\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 18\u2019nci maddesi <strong>\u201c<\/strong><strong>\u00dcyelik ve dayan\u0131\u015fma aidatlar\u0131 yetkili i\u015f\u00e7i sendikas\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fverene yaz\u0131l\u0131 ba\u015fvurusu \u00fczerine i\u015f\u00e7inin \u00fccretinden kesilmek suretiyle ilgili sendikaya \u00f6denir\u201d<\/strong>d\u00fczenlemesi ile bu hakk\u0131 sadece yetkili sendikaya tan\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve <strong>\u201c\u00dcye aidat\u0131n\u0131n tahsiline ili\u015fkin usul ve esaslar Bakanl\u0131k\u00e7a \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lacak bir y\u00f6netmelikle d\u00fczenlenir\u201d<\/strong> h\u00fckm\u00fcne yer vermi\u015ftir. Yine tasar\u0131n\u0131n ayn\u0131 maddesinde \u00fcyelik ve dayan\u0131\u015fma aidat\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ba\u015fka bir aidat al\u0131namayaca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin yasak kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\n\nCheck-off sisteminin sendikalar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan avantaj\u0131 \u00fcyelik ve dayan\u0131\u015fma aidatlar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenli olarak almalar\u0131na olanak sa\u011flamas\u0131d\u0131r ancak i\u015f\u00e7i ile sendika aras\u0131na i\u015fverenin girmesi ve i\u015fverenin, sendikan\u0131n mali g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6\u011frenmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan sak\u0131ncalar bar\u0131nd\u0131rmaktad\u0131r[28].\n\nSendikalar Kanunu\u2019nun 61\u2019nci maddesinin son f\u0131kras\u0131n uyar\u0131nca<strong> \u201c\u2026kesilmesi istenilen aidat\u0131 kesmeyen i\u015fveren ilgili sendikaya kar\u015f\u0131 kesmedi\u011fi veya kesmesine ra\u011fmen bir ay i\u00e7inde ilgili kurulu\u015fa g\u00f6ndermedi\u011fi miktar tutar\u0131nca genel h\u00fck\u00fcmlere g\u00f6re sorumlu olduktan ba\u015fka aidat\u0131 sendikaya verinceye kadar bankalarca i\u015fletme kredilerine uygulanan en y\u00fcksek faizi \u00f6demek zorundad\u0131r\u201d.<\/strong>\n\n<strong>2. Sendika D\u00fczenine Uyma Borcu<\/strong>\n\nSendika \u00fcyeleri, sendikan\u0131n y\u00f6netim ve i\u015fleyi\u015fine dair kurallara uymakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcrler. Bahsedilen kurallar sendikan\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararlar yahut sendika organlar\u0131n\u0131n verdi\u011fi me\u015fru talimatlar ( grev gibi ) kadar sendika t\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde ve mevzuat\u0131nda belirtilen konularda olabilir[29].\n\n<strong>IV. SEND\u0130KA \u00dcYEL\u0130\u011e\u0130N\u0130N SONA ERMES\u0130<\/strong>\n\nSendika \u00fcyeli\u011fi, \u201csendikaya \u00fcye olma h\u00fcrriyeti\u201d g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde tutularak, \u00fcye taraf\u0131ndan iradi olarak her zaman sona erdirilebilir[30]. Sendikan\u0131n da sendika d\u00fczenine uymayan \u00fcyeleri \u00e7\u0131karmak ( ihra\u00e7 etme ) hakk\u0131 vard\u0131r. \u00c7\u0131kma ve \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lma d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda da baz\u0131 hallerde sendika \u00fcyeli\u011fi herhangi bir i\u015fleme gerek kalmaks\u0131z\u0131n kendili\u011finden sona erer. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da, sendika \u00fcyeli\u011fini sona erdiren \u201ckendili\u011finden sona erme\u201d , \u201c\u00e7\u0131kma\u201d ve \u201c\u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lma\u201d hallerinden bahsedilmi\u015ftir.\n\n<strong>A. \u00dcYEL\u0130\u011e\u0130N KEND\u0130L\u0130\u011e\u0130NDEN SONA ERMES\u0130<\/strong>\n\n<strong>1. Genel Olarak<\/strong>\n\nSendikalar Kanunu\u2019nun 25\u2019nci maddesinin 4 ve 5\u2019nci f\u0131kralar\u0131, sendika \u00fcyeli\u011finin kendili\u011finden son bulaca\u011f\u0131 halleri d\u00fczenlemektedir. Bahsi ge\u00e7en h\u00fck\u00fcmler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda da sendika \u00fcyeli\u011finin kendili\u011finden son bulmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7an sebepler vard\u0131r.\n\nSendika \u00fcyesinin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc yahut hakk\u0131nda gaiplik karar\u0131 verilmesi, sendika \u00fcyeli\u011fini kendili\u011finden sona erdirir.\n\nSendika \u00fcyesinin temyiz kudretini kal\u0131c\u0131 olarak yitirmesi de \u00fcyeli\u011fe engel te\u015fkil edece\u011finden, \u00fcyeli\u011fi kendili\u011finden sonland\u0131r\u0131r. Ancak temyiz kudretinin ge\u00e7ici kayb\u0131 halinde \u00fcyelik sona ermemekte, sadece \u00fcyelikten do\u011fan haklar kullan\u0131lamamaktad\u0131r[31].\n\n<strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i\/\u0130\u015fveren\/Memur Niteli\u011finin Kayb\u0131<\/strong>\n\n\u0130\u015f\u00e7i yahut i\u015fveren sendikas\u0131 \u00fcyesinin \u00fcyelikleri, bu niteliklerinin kaybolmas\u0131 durumunda \u00fcyelikleri kendili\u011finden sona erer. Yani kamu g\u00f6revlisinin, g\u00f6revinden istifa ederek \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6re ge\u00e7mesiyle kamu g\u00f6revlisi niteli\u011fini kaybetmesi, i\u015f\u00e7inin i\u015f\u00e7i niteli\u011finin kaybolmas\u0131, i\u015fverenin ve i\u015fveren vekilinin bu niteli\u011fi kaybetmesi durumunda, sendika \u00fcyelikleri sona erer[32].\n\nDikkat edilmesi gereken nokta, t\u00fczel ki\u015fili\u011fi temsilen i\u015fveren vekili s\u0131fat\u0131 ile i\u015fveren sendikas\u0131na \u00fcye olanlar\u0131n \u00fcyeliklerinin sona ermesi durumunda, ba\u011fl\u0131 bulundu\u011fu t\u00fczel ki\u015fili\u011fin i\u015fveren sendikas\u0131na \u00fcyeli\u011fi etkilenmemektedir. Bu durumda t\u00fczel ki\u015fi, g\u00f6revi sona eren i\u015fveren vekilinin yerine bir ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131 atayarak \u00fcyeli\u011fini devam ettirmektedir[33].\n\n<strong>3. Emeklilik ve \u0130\u015fkolu\/Hizmet Kolu De\u011fi\u015fimi<\/strong>\n\nSendikalar Kanunu\u2019nun 25\u2019nci maddesinin son f\u0131kras\u0131 uyar\u0131nca<strong> \u201c\u2026Kanunla kurulu kurum ve sand\u0131klardan ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k, emeklilik veya malull\u00fck ayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya toptan \u00f6deme alarak i\u015ften ayr\u0131lan i\u015f\u00e7ilerle i\u015fkolunu de\u011fi\u015ftiren i\u015f\u00e7ilerin sendika \u00fcyeli\u011fi sona erer. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmaya devam edenler hakk\u0131nda bu h\u00fck\u00fcm uygulanmaz. Ancak sendika \u015fubesi, sendika veya konfederasyonlar\u0131n y\u00f6netim ve denetim kurullar\u0131ndaki g\u00f6revleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k, emeklilik veya malull\u00fck ayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya da toptan \u00f6deme alan y\u00f6neticilerin sendika \u00fcyeli\u011fi, g\u00f6revleri s\u00fcresince ve yeniden se\u00e7ildikleri s\u00fcrece devam eder.\u201d <\/strong>Sendika \u00fcyesi i\u015f\u00e7inin ne sebeple olursa olsun i\u015fkolunun de\u011fi\u015fmesi halinde, ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu sendikaya \u00fcyeli\u011fi sona kendili\u011finden sona erer. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde memur ve kamu g\u00f6revlisi olan ki\u015filerinde hizmet kolunda de\u011fi\u015fiklik olmas\u0131 durumunda \u00fcyelikleri sona erer.\n\nYasada 04.04.1995 tarihinde yap\u0131lan de\u011fi\u015fiklikten \u00f6nce, emeklilik sebebiyle i\u015ften ayr\u0131lan i\u015f\u00e7ilerin hem sendika \u00fcyeli\u011fi hem de sendika organlar\u0131ndaki g\u00f6revleri sona ermekteydi. De\u011fi\u015fiklik neticesinde bu ki\u015filerin sendika y\u00f6netim ve denetim organlar\u0131ndaki g\u00f6revleri s\u00fcrmekte ise, \u00fcyelikleri devam edecektir[34].\n\nKGSK\u2019nun 16\u2019nc\u0131 maddesi uyar\u0131nca<strong> \u201c<\/strong><strong>\u00c7ekilme, g\u00f6reve son verilmesi veya sair nedenlerle kamu g\u00f6revinden ayr\u0131lanlar ile farkl\u0131 bir hizmet koluna giren kuruma atananlardan sendika \u00fcyesi olanlar\u0131n \u00fcyelikleri, varsa sendika \u015fubesi, sendika veya konfederasyon organlar\u0131ndaki g\u00f6revleri sona erer. Emekliye ayr\u0131lanlar\u0131n sendika \u015fubesi, sendika veya konfederasyon organlar\u0131ndaki g\u00f6revleri se\u00e7ildikleri d\u00f6nemin sonuna kadar devam eder.\u201d<\/strong> Kamu g\u00f6revlilerinin ya\u015f haddi, kadrosuzluk, resen emeklilik hallerinde sendika \u00fcyelikleri sona erer[35].\n\n<strong>B. \u00dcYEL\u0130KTEN \u00c7IKMA ( \u0130ST\u0130FA )<\/strong>\n\n\u0130\u015f\u00e7i yahut i\u015fveren her \u00fcye, sendikada \u00fcye kalmaya veya \u00fcyelikten ayr\u0131lmaya zorlanamaz. \u00dcyeler \u00f6nceden bildirimde bulunmak suretiyle \u00fcyelikten \u00e7ekilebilir[36]. Kamu d\u00fczenine ili\u015fkin olan bu esasa ayk\u0131r\u0131 \u015fekilde bir d\u00fczenleme yap\u0131lamaz[37]. Sendikalar Kanunu\u2019nun 25\u2019inci maddesinin 2\u2019nci f\u0131kras\u0131na g\u00f6re <strong>\u201c\u2026\u00c7ekilme bildirimi noter huzurunda m\u00fcnferiden kimli\u011fin tespiti ve istifa edecek ki\u015finin imzas\u0131n\u0131n tasdiki ile olur. \u00c7ekilme bildiriminin birer \u00f6rne\u011fi noterlik\u00e7e en ge\u00e7 \u00fc\u00e7 i\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7inde ilgili i\u015fverene, sendikaya, i\u015fyerinin ba\u011fl\u0131 bulundu\u011fu B\u00f6lge M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ve \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ve Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6nderilir\u2026\u201d<\/strong> \u00c7ekilme bildirimi \u00fcyelik ili\u015fkisinin tek tarafl\u0131 feshi niteli\u011findedir ve noter arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile yap\u0131lmas\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r. Noter \u015fart\u0131n\u0131n aranmas\u0131nda ise yine \u00fcyelikte oldu\u011fu gibi sahtecilik iddialar\u0131na ve yetki tespitine ili\u015fkin \u00e7\u0131kan uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131n engellenmesi ama\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r[38]. Toplu \u0130\u015f \u0130li\u015fkileri Kanunu Tasar\u0131s\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 19\u2019ncu maddesi \u201c<strong>Her \u00fcye, e-Devlet kap\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczerinden \u00e7ekilme talebinde bulunmak suretiyle \u00fcyelikten \u00e7ekilebilir. E-Devlet kap\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczerinden yap\u0131lan \u00e7ekilme bildirimi elektronik ortamda e\u015fzamanl\u0131 olarak Bakanl\u0131\u011fa ve sendikaya ula\u015f\u0131r\u201d <\/strong>\u015feklinde d\u00fczenleme yaparak noter kanal\u0131n\u0131 devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\n\nSendikalar Kanunu\u2019nun 25\u2019inci maddesinin devam\u0131nda <strong>\u201c\u00c7ekilme, notere ba\u015fvuru tarihinden itibaren bir ay sonra ge\u00e7erlidir. \u00c7ekilenin bu bir ayl\u0131k s\u00fcre i\u00e7erisinde ba\u015fka bir sendikaya \u00fcye olmas\u0131 halinde yeni sendika \u00fcyeli\u011fi bu s\u00fcrenin bitimi tarihinde kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olur\u201d[39] <\/strong>denmektedir. \u00c7ekilmenin derhal h\u00fck\u00fcm do\u011furmamas\u0131nda ama\u00e7 ani istifalarla sendikan\u0131n ekonomik yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n sars\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilmesi ve toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinde yetki prosed\u00fcr\u00fc s\u0131ras\u0131nda toplu \u00fcye de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin engellenmesidir[40].\n\nKGSK\u2019nun 16\u2019nc\u0131 maddesi, kamu g\u00f6revlilerinin sendika \u00fcyeli\u011finden \u00e7ekilmesini d\u00fczenlerken Sendikalar Kanunu ile paralel h\u00fck\u00fcmler tesis etmi\u015ftir. Kamu g\u00f6revlileri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da \u00e7ekilme derhal sonu\u00e7 do\u011furmamakta, ba\u015fvuru tarihinden itibaren otuz g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde ge\u00e7erli olmaktad\u0131r. Yine \u00e7ekilenin otuz g\u00fcnl\u00fck s\u00fcre i\u00e7erisinde ba\u015fka bir sendikaya \u00fcye olmas\u0131 halinde, \u00fcyelik, otuz g\u00fcnl\u00fck s\u00fcrenin bitimi tarihinde kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olur. Bu d\u00fczenlemenin sebebi ise h\u00fck\u00fcmetle toplu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeye kat\u0131lacak olan sendikan\u0131n belirlenmesinde sorun ya\u015fanmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mektir[41].\n\n<strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C. \u00dcYEL\u0130KTEN \u00c7IKARILMA ( \u0130HRA\u00c7 )<\/strong>\n\nSendikadan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lma karar\u0131, sendikan\u0131n, \u00fcyesi hakk\u0131nda uygulayabilece\u011fi \u015f\u00fcphesiz en a\u011f\u0131r yapt\u0131r\u0131md\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle i\u015f\u00e7iler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yan sendika \u00fcyeli\u011fi ve \u00fcyelikten kaynaklanan haklar g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde tutuldu\u011funda, \u00e7\u0131karma karar\u0131n\u0131n verilebilmesi i\u00e7in ciddi sebeplerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 aranmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7\u0131karma kararlar\u0131 yasa ve t\u00fcz\u00fck h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine uygun olarak al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.\n\n\u00dcyelikten \u00e7\u0131karma nedenleri Sendikalar Kanunu\u2019nun 7\u2019nci maddesi uyar\u0131nca sendika t\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde belirtilmelidir. \u00c7\u0131karma nedenlerine \u00f6rnek olarak \u00fcye aidat\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6denmemesi, ba\u015fka bir sendikaya \u00fcye olma, yasal bir greve kat\u0131lmama g\u00f6sterilebilir[42]. Bunlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Medeni Kanun uyar\u0131nca hakl\u0131 bir sebebin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 da \u00e7\u0131karma sebebi olabilir[43].\n\nSendikalar Kanunu\u2019nun 25\u2019nci maddesinin 3\u2019nc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131na g\u00f6re <strong>\u201c \u00dcyenin sendika ve konfederasyondan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lma karar\u0131 genel kurulca verilir.\u201d<\/strong> B\u00f6ylelikle bir sendikan\u0131n, \u00fcyesi hakk\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131karma karar\u0131n\u0131 genel kuruldan ba\u015fka bir organa devretmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. \u00c7\u0131karma karar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00fcye ayn\u0131 f\u0131kran\u0131n devam\u0131 uyar\u0131nca <strong>\u201c\u2026karar\u0131n tebli\u011finden itibaren otuz g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde i\u015f davalar\u0131na bakmakla g\u00f6revli mahalli mahkemeye itiraz edebilir. Mahkeme 2 ay i\u00e7inde kesin olarak karar verir. \u00dcyelik, \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lma karar\u0131 kesinle\u015finceye kadar devam eder.\u201d<\/strong>\u00c7\u0131kar\u0131lma karar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 mahkemeye ba\u015fvurma hakk\u0131 ayn\u0131 zamanda B\u00f6lge \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne de tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kamu g\u00f6revlileri i\u00e7in yine paralel d\u00fczenleme mevcut olup itiraz hakk\u0131 i\u00e7in hak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc s\u00fcrenin onbe\u015f g\u00fcn olu\u015fu ve bu hakk\u0131n sadece \u00fcyeye ait olu\u015fudur.\n\n<strong>D. \u00dcYEL\u0130\u011e\u0130 SONA ERD\u0130RMEYEN HALLER<\/strong>\n\nSendikalar Kanunu\u2019nun 24\u2019nc\u00fc maddesi \u00fcyeli\u011fin devam\u0131 ve ask\u0131ya al\u0131nmas\u0131 hallerini d\u00fczenlemi\u015ftir. Kamu g\u00f6revlileri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da yine ayn\u0131 madde h\u00fck\u00fcmleri ge\u00e7erli olacakt\u0131r.\n\nSendika \u00fcyesi olanlar\u0131n, <strong>\u201ci\u015f\u00e7i sendika veya konfederasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6netim, denetleme ve disiplin kurullar\u0131nda g\u00f6rev almalar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 i\u015fyerinden ayr\u0131lan i\u015f\u00e7ilerin\u201d<\/strong> profesyonel anlamda sendika y\u00f6neticisi olmalar\u0131 halinde sendikalara \u00fcyelikleri devam etmektedir. Di\u011fer bir durum ise <strong>\u201c sendikalara \u00fcye olmak hakk\u0131na sahip olanlardan mevzuat gere\u011fince bir i\u015fletme veya kurumun y\u00f6netim kurullar\u0131nda veya benzeri kurullar\u0131nda i\u015fveren, i\u015fveren vekili ve i\u015f\u00e7i temsilcisi s\u0131fat\u0131yla bulunanlar\u0131n da\u2026\u201d<\/strong> sendika \u00fcyeli\u011finin devam edece\u011fidir. Sendika \u00fcyesi olan i\u015f\u00e7inin ge\u00e7ici olarak i\u015fsiz kalmas\u0131 veya sendikan\u0131n faaliyet alan\u0131 i\u00e7inde kalmas\u0131 \u015fart\u0131 ile i\u015f de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi de sendika \u00fcyeli\u011fini etkilemeyecektir. Yarg\u0131tay verdi\u011fi bir kararda i\u015f\u00e7inin, i\u015ften ayr\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra bir y\u0131ldan fazla bir s\u00fcre ayn\u0131 i\u015fkoluna giren bir i\u015fte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmamas\u0131 durumunda sendika \u00fcyeli\u011finin son bulaca\u011f\u0131na h\u00fckmetmi\u015ftir[44]. Ge\u00e7ici i\u015fsizli\u011fin ne kadar s\u00fcrece\u011fi yasada belirtilmemekle beraber Toplu \u0130\u015f \u0130li\u015fkileri Tasla\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 19\u2019ncu maddesi <strong>\u201c\u0130\u015f\u00e7i sendikas\u0131 \u00fcyesinin kesintisiz bir y\u0131l\u0131 ge\u00e7memek \u00fczere i\u015fsiz kalmas\u0131 \u00fcyeli\u011fini etkilemez\u201d <\/strong>h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fc bar\u0131nd\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.\n\nSendikalar Kanunu\u2019nun 24\u2019nc\u00fc maddesinin 3\u2019nc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131 sendika \u00fcyeli\u011finin ask\u0131ya al\u0131nmas\u0131 halini d\u00fczenlemi\u015ftir. Sendika \u00fcyesi olan i\u015f\u00e7inin, muvazzaf askerlik g\u00f6revini yapmak i\u00e7in i\u015finden ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde, sendika \u00fcyeli\u011fi askerlik s\u00fcresince ask\u0131ya al\u0131n\u0131r. Ask\u0131 hali devam etti\u011fi s\u00fcrece \u00fcyelikten kaynaklanan hak ve y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler de ask\u0131dad\u0131r. Mevsimlik i\u015f\u00e7ilerin de iki mevsim aras\u0131nda i\u015fsiz kalmas\u0131 yani s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinin ask\u0131da olmas\u0131 durumunda, varsa sendika \u00fcyelikleri etkilenmez[45]. Yarg\u0131tay\u2019\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc de ayn\u0131 y\u00f6ndedir[46]\n\nSendikalar, t\u00fcz\u00fcklerinde ask\u0131 haline ili\u015fkin h\u00fck\u00fcmleri koyabilirler. Ancak t\u00fcz\u00fckte belirtilen bu h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin, \u00fcyeli\u011fi etkilememesi gerekir. Uygulamada, sendikan\u0131n disiplin kurulunun ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir karar ile \u00fcyesinin \u00fcyeli\u011fini bir sonraki genel kurula kadar ask\u0131ya almas\u0131n\u0131 ve bir sonraki genel kurulun ise \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l sonra yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 hususunu Yarg\u0131tay, i\u015flemin esasta \u00e7\u0131kartma niteli\u011finde oldu\u011funu belirterek hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 bulmu\u015ftur[47].\n\n<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>\n\n<strong>KAYNAK\u00c7A<\/strong>\n\n<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>\n\n<strong>AKTAY, A. N\u0130ZAMETT\u0130N \/ ARICI, KAD\u0130R \/ SENYEN-KAPLAN, E. TUNCAY,<\/strong> \u0130\u015f Hukuku, Yenilenmi\u015f 4. Bas\u0131, Eyl\u00fcl \u2013 2011 Ankara, Gazi Kitabevi.\n\n<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>\n\n<strong>SUR, MELDA:<\/strong> \u0130\u015f Hukuku Toplu \u0130li\u015fkiler, G\u00fcncellenmi\u015f 4. Bas\u0131, 2011 Ankara, Turhan Kitabevi.\n\n<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>\n\n<strong>TUNCAY, A. CAN:<\/strong> Toplu \u0130\u015f Hukuku, 2. Bas\u0131, A\u011fustos \u2013 2010 \u0130stanbul, Beta.\n\n<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>\n\n<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>\n\n<strong>TUNCAY, A. Can:<\/strong> Toplu \u0130\u015f \u0130li\u015fkileri Kanunu Tasar\u0131 Tasla\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Sendika \u00dcyeli\u011fi A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan De\u011ferlendirilmesi, T\u0130SK \u0130\u015fveren Dergisi,\u00a0 Kas\u0131m \u2013 Aral\u0131k 2011.\n\n[1] TUNCAY, A. CAN: Toplu \u0130\u015f Hukuku, 2. Bas\u0131, A\u011fustos \u2013 2010 \u0130stanbul, Beta, s.70.\n\n[2] TUNCAY, s.70.\n\n[3] AKTAY, A. N\u0130ZAMETT\u0130N \/ ARICI, KAD\u0130R \/ SENYEN-KAPLAN, TUNCAY, \u0130\u015f Hukuku, Yenilenmi\u015f 4. Bas\u0131, Eyl\u00fcl \u2013 2011 Ankara, Gazi Kitabevi, s.318.\n\n[4] TUNCAY, A. Can: Toplu \u0130\u015f \u0130li\u015fkileri Kanunu Tasar\u0131 Tasla\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Sendika \u00dcyeli\u011fi A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan De\u011ferlendirilmesi, T\u0130SK \u0130\u015fveren Dergisi, \u00a0Kas\u0131m \u2013 Aral\u0131k 2011.\n\n[5] TUNCAY, s.71.\n\n[6] AKTAY\/ARICI\/SENYEN-KAPLAN, s.319.\n\n[7] TUNCAY, s.75.\n\n[8] 2821 Say\u0131l\u0131 Sendikalar Kanunu\u2019nun \u201cMuafl\u0131klar\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 64\u2019nc\u00fc maddesi.\n\n[9] TUNCAY, s.76; TUNCAY, Toplu \u0130\u015f \u0130li\u015fkileri Kanunu Tasar\u0131 Tasla\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Sendika \u00dcyeli\u011fi A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan De\u011ferlendirilmesi T\u0130SK \u0130\u015fveren Dergisi,\u00a0 Kas\u0131m \u2013 Aral\u0131k 2011.\n\n[10]Toplu \u0130\u015f \u0130li\u015fkileri Kanunu Tasar\u0131s\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 17\u2019nci maddesi \u201cAyn\u0131 i\u015fkolunda ve ayn\u0131 zamanda farkl\u0131 i\u015fverenlerin i\u015fyerlerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015f\u00e7iler birden \u00e7ok sendikaya \u00fcye olabilirler\u201d h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7ermektedir.\n\n[11] SUR, MELDA: \u0130\u015f Hukuku Toplu \u0130li\u015fkiler, G\u00fcncellenmi\u015f 4. Bas\u0131, 2011 Ankara, Turhan Kitabevi, s.133.\n\n[12] AKTAY\/ARICI\/SENYEN-KAPLAN, s.321.\n\n[13] A.M. 1970\/48 E. 1972\/3 K. 8-9 \u015eubat 1972, RG 19.10.1972, 14341.\n\n[14] TUNCAY, s77.\n\n[15] SUR, s.137.\n\n[16] TUNCAY, s.78.\n\n[17] Sendikalar Kanunu\u2019nda yap\u0131lan de\u011fi\u015fikliklerden \u00f6nce <strong>\u2013Din ve ibadet i\u015flerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar \u2013 \u00d6\u011frenciler \u2013 Baz\u0131 kamu kurum ve kurulu\u015flarda \u00fcst kademe y\u00f6neticisi olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmakta olan m\u00fcfetti\u015fler, kontrol\u00f6rler, m\u00fcd\u00fcrler ve buna e\u015fit ve bunlar\u0131n \u00fcst kademelerindeki di\u011fer y\u00f6neticiler \u2013 625 say\u0131l\u0131 \u00d6zel \u00d6\u011fretim Kurumlar\u0131 Kanunu\u2019na tabi okullarda \u00f6\u011fretmenlik yapanlar <\/strong>sendikalara \u00fcye olma yasa\u011f\u0131 kapsam\u0131ndayd\u0131lar.\n\n[18] KGSK\u2019nun 3\u2019nc\u00fc maddesine g\u00f6re kamu <strong>g\u00f6revlisi \u201cKamu kurum ve kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7i stat\u00fcs\u00fc d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki bir kadro veya pozisyonunda daimi suretle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan, adayl\u0131k veya deneme s\u00fcresini tamamlam\u0131\u015f kamu g\u00f6revlileridir\u201d<\/strong>.\n\n[19] KGSK m.14 <strong>\u201c \u2026\u00dcyelik ba\u015fvurusu, sendika taraf\u0131ndan en \u00e7ok otuz g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde reddedilmedi\u011fi takdirde \u00fcyelik istemi kabul edilmi\u015f say\u0131l\u0131r. Hakl\u0131 bir sebep g\u00f6sterilmeden \u00fcyeli\u011fe kabul edilmeyen kamu g\u00f6revlisinin, bu karar\u0131n kendisine tebli\u011finden itibaren otuz g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde i\u015f davalar\u0131na bakmakla g\u00f6revli mahalli mahkemede dava a\u00e7ma hakk\u0131 vard\u0131r.\u201d<\/strong>\n\n[20] AKTAY\/ARICI\/SENYEN-KAPLAN, s.325.\n\n[21] TUNCAY, s.79.\n\n[22] Toplu \u0130\u015f \u0130li\u015fkileri Tasar\u0131s\u0131, \u00fcyelik aidat\u0131na ili\u015fkin bir s\u0131n\u0131rlama getirmemi\u015ftir.\n\n[23] TUNCAY, s.79.\n\n[24] TUNCAY, s.80.\n\n[25] Yarg\u0131tay 9.HD, 04.04.2011, 2001\/5641 E. 2001\/5576 K.\u00a0 28.02.2012.\n\n[26] TUNCAY, s.80.\n\n[27] SUR, s.143.\n\n[28] TUNCAY, s.80.\n\n[29] SUR, s.140.\n\n[30] AKTAY\/ARICI\/SENYEN-KAPLAN, s.330.\n\n[31] TUNCAY, s.94.\n\n[32] AKTAY\/ARICI\/SENYEN-KAPLAN, s.334.\n\n[33] TUNCAY, s.95.\n\n[34] TUNCAY, s.95.\n\n[35] AKTAY\/ARICI\/SENYEN-KAPLAN, s.333.\n\n[36] Olumsuz Sendika \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc hakk\u0131nda bkz. TUNCAY, s.28; AKTAY\/ARICI\/SENYEN-KAPLAN, s.273.\n\n[37] \u00d6rne\u011fin, sendikadan istifa edilmesi halinde sendikaya tazminat \u00f6denece\u011fi kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lamaz yahut i\u015fveren ile sendika aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde, sendikadan ayr\u0131lan i\u015f\u00e7inin i\u015fine de son verilece\u011fine dair h\u00fck\u00fcm koyulamaz.\n\n[38] TUNCAY, s.97.\n\n[39] \u0130lgili maddede de\u011fi\u015fiklik yap\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce \u00e7ekilme, notere ba\u015fvuru tarihinden itibaren \u00fc\u00e7 ay idi.\n\n[40] SUR, s.149.\n\n[41] AKTAY\/ARICI\/SENYEN-KAPLAN, s.332.\n\n[42] SUR, s.149.\n\n[43] TUNCAY, s.98.\n\n[44] Yarg\u0131tay HGK, 29.03.2000, 2000\/9-713 E. 2000\/222 K. 28.02.2012.\n\n[45] TUNCAY, s.96.\n\n[46] Yarg\u0131tay 9 HD, 17.01.1992, 1991\/17528 E. 1992\/284 K. 28.02.2012; Yarg\u0131tay 9 HD, 18.01.2010, 2008\/14577 E. 2010\/294 K. 28.02.2012.\n\n[47] Yarg\u0131tay 9.HD, 23.11.2010, 2010\/30925 E. 2010\/34411 K. 28.02.2012.","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"G\u0130R\u0130\u015e Sendika \u00fcyeli\u011finin \u00f6zellikle i\u015f\u00e7iler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015f\u00fcphesizdir. Hukukumuzda, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin, sendikan\u0131n faaliyetlerinden ve toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinden en geni\u015f \u015fekilde faydalanmalar\u0131 \u00fcyelikle m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Sendikalar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde, sendikalar\u0131n hem kendi aralar\u0131ndaki rekabeti hem de i\u015fverenle pazarl\u0131k \u015fans\u0131n\u0131 belirleyen etken \u00fcye&#8230;","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4827,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2776","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-is-hukuku"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Sendikal Hak ve Bor\u00e7lar - \u00c7elik Avukatl\u0131k<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"G\u0130R\u0130\u015e Sendika \u00fcyeli\u011finin \u00f6zellikle i\u015f\u00e7iler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015f\u00fcphesizdir. 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